CHAPTER Wh-Question Making Questions with Wh-Words |
1. Wh-Question — সংজ্ঞা ও পরিচিতি
Wh-Question হলো এমন প্রশ্ন যা একটি নির্দিষ্ট তথ্য জানতে Wh-word দিয়ে শুরু হয়। এই ধরনের প্রশ্নের উত্তর "Yes/No" নয় — সম্পূর্ণ তথ্য দিতে হয়।
FORMULA / STRUCTURE |
Normal Q (Object Q): Wh-word + Auxiliary + Subject + V1 + ? Subject Q: Wh-word + V2/V1+s/es + (Object) + ? (No Auxiliary — কর্তা সম্পর্কে প্রশ্ন করলে) Key: Subject প্রশ্ন করলে word order পরিবর্তন হয় না; Object/Other প্রশ্ন করলে Inversion হয়। |
Wh-Word | বাংলা অর্থ | কী জানতে চাই | উদাহরণ |
Who | কে | Person (Subject) | Who broke the window? |
Whom | কাকে | Person (Object) | Whom did she meet? |
Whose | কার | Possession | Whose book is this? |
What | কী/কাকে | Thing/Idea/Action | What did he say? |
Which | কোনটি | Choice from known set | Which team won? |
Where | কোথায় | Place/Location | Where do you live? |
When | কখন | Time | When did the war end? |
Why | কেন | Reason/Cause | Why are you late? |
How | কীভাবে | Manner/Method/Degree | How did she solve it? |
How much | কতটুকু | Quantity (Uncountable) | How much water? |
How many | কতটি/কতজন | Quantity (Countable) | How many students? |
How long | কতক্ষণ | Duration | How long have you waited? |
How far | কত দূর | Distance | How far is the station? |
How often | কতবার | Frequency | How often do you exercise? |
How old | কত বয়স | Age | How old is he? |
2. Structure of Wh-Questions — গঠনের নিয়ম
2.1 Subject Q vs Object Q — Critical Difference
★ NOTE |
Object Q: Wh-word = Object → Auxiliary (do/does/did/is/was...) আবশ্যক। Subject Q: Wh-word = Subject → Auxiliary নেই; verb form 3rd person singular। Object Q: She met Tom. → Whom did she meet? (did = aux needed) Subject Q: Tom met her. → Who met her? (no auxiliary — met stays) |
Question Type | Structure | Example |
Object Q (Normal) | Wh + Aux + S + V1 + ? | What did she say? |
Subject Q | Wh + V (3rd pers.) + O + ? | Who broke the window? |
Simple Present | Wh + do/does + S + V1 + ? | What does he want? |
Simple Past | Wh + did + S + V1 + ? | Where did they go? |
Present Continuous | Wh + is/am/are + S + V-ing + ? | What are you doing? |
Present Perfect | Wh + have/has + S + V3 + ? | How many books have you read? |
Past Perfect | Wh + had + S + V3 + ? | What had she told you? |
Simple Future | Wh + will + S + V1 + ? | When will the train arrive? |
Modal | Wh + Modal + S + V1 + ? | How can I help you? |
Be + Adj | Wh + is/am/are/was + S + ? | Why is she happy? |
2.2 Wh-Question by Tense — Quick Reference
Tense | Structure | Statement → Question |
Simple Present | Wh + do/does + S + V1? | She reads novels. → What does she read? |
Simple Present (Subj Q) | Wh + V1+s/es? | Someone reads this. → Who reads this? |
Present Continuous | Wh + is/am/are + S + V-ing? | She is writing. → What is she writing? |
Present Perfect | Wh + have/has + S + V3? | He has bought a car. → What has he bought? |
Simple Past | Wh + did + S + V1? | She went there. → Where did she go? |
Simple Past (Subj Q) | Wh + V2? | Someone broke it. → Who broke it? |
Past Continuous | Wh + was/were + S + V-ing? | He was reading. → What was he reading? |
Past Perfect | Wh + had + S + V3? | She had visited Paris. → Where had she visited? |
Simple Future | Wh + will + S + V1? | He will join. → When will he join? |
Modal | Wh + Modal + S + V1? | She can swim. → How can she help? |
3. Each Wh-Word — প্রতিটি Wh-word বিস্তারিত উদাহরণ
3.1 WHO — ব্যক্তি (Subject)
Wh-Word | Statement / Answer | Wh-Question |
Who | She teaches the class. | Who teaches the class? |
Who | He broke the record. | Who broke the record? |
Who | She has won the award. | Who has won the award? |
Who | Someone will lead the team. | Who will lead the team? |
Who | The manager approved it. | Who approved it? |
Who | She can help us. | Who can help us? |
Who | Newton discovered gravity. | Who discovered gravity? |
Who | The principal made the decision. | Who made the decision? |
Who | Someone knocked at the door. | Who knocked at the door? |
Who | Someone has stolen my wallet. | Who has stolen my wallet? |
1. [Who [Sim. Past]]
Statement: Shakespeare wrote Hamlet.
Question: Who wrote Hamlet?
ব্যাখ্যা: Who = Subject; no auxiliary; wrote stays।
2. [Who [Pres. Perf.]]
Statement: She has achieved the top rank.
Question: Who has achieved the top rank?
ব্যাখ্যা: Who = Subject; has stays।
3.2 WHOM — ব্যক্তি (Object)
FORMULA / STRUCTURE |
Test: Answer-এ "him/her/them" → "Whom"; "he/she/they" → "Who"। |
Wh-Word | Statement / Answer | Wh-Question |
Whom | She met Tom at the party. | Whom did she meet? |
Whom | He helped the students. | Whom did he help? |
Whom | The committee selected Rina. | Whom did the committee select? |
Whom | She thanked the volunteers. | Whom did she thank? |
Whom | He loves her. | Whom does he love? |
Whom | They blamed the manager. | Whom did they blame? |
Whom | She called the doctor. | Whom did she call? |
Whom | The director recommended him. | Whom did the director recommend? |
3. [Whom [Sim. Past]]
Statement: The police arrested the suspect.
Question: Whom did the police arrest?
ব্যাখ্যা: Whom = Object; did + Subject + V1?
3.3 WHOSE — অধিকার/মালিকানা
Wh-Word | Statement / Answer | Wh-Question |
Whose | This is her book. | Whose book is this? |
Whose | He damaged her camera. | Whose camera did he damage? |
Whose | She submitted his report. | Whose report did she submit? |
Whose | He found her wallet. | Whose wallet did he find? |
Whose | She is using his laptop. | Whose laptop is she using? |
Whose | They approved her proposal. | Whose proposal did they approve? |
Whose | He borrowed her pen. | Whose pen did he borrow? |
Whose | She lost his phone. | Whose phone did she lose? |
3.4 WHAT — বস্তু/বিষয়/কার্য
Wh-Word | Statement / Answer | Wh-Question |
What | She said something. | What did she say? |
What | He is doing something. | What is he doing? |
What | She has bought something. | What has she bought? |
What (Subj) | Something happened. | What happened? |
What (Subj) | The earthquake caused damage. | What caused the damage? |
What + Noun | The exam is at some time. | What time is the exam? |
What + Noun | She teaches a certain subject. | What subject does she teach? |
What + Noun | She bought a certain fruit. | What kind of fruit did she buy? |
What (be) | He is a doctor. | What is he? |
What (be) | She is a lawyer. | What does she do? |
What | He wants something. | What does he want? |
What (Subj) | Something surprised her. | What surprised her? |
4. [What [Subj Q]]
Statement: The storm caused massive destruction.
Question: What caused massive destruction?
ব্যাখ্যা: What = Subject; no auxiliary; past verb (caused) stays।
5. [What + Noun]
Statement: She teaches mathematics.
Question: What subject does she teach?
ব্যাখ্যা: What + Noun (subject) + Aux?
3.5 WHICH — নির্দিষ্ট সেট থেকে বেছে নেওয়া
Wh-Word | Statement / Answer | Wh-Question |
Which | She chose the blue dress. | Which dress did she choose? |
Which | He prefers the evening shift. | Which shift does he prefer? |
Which | They took the coastal route. | Which route did they take? |
Which | She selected the third option. | Which option did she select? |
Which | He won the bronze medal. | Which medal did he win? |
Which | They launched the flagship product. | Which product did they launch? |
Which | He supports Team A. | Which team does he support? |
Which | She studied the second chapter. | Which chapter did she study? |
6. [Which [Sim. Past]]
Statement: She chose the morning session.
Question: Which session did she choose?
ব্যাখ্যা: Which + Noun + did + Subject + V1?
3.6 WHERE, WHEN, WHY, HOW
Wh-Word | Statement / Answer | Wh-Question |
Where | She lives in Dhaka. | Where does she live? |
Where | They went to Cox's Bazar. | Where did they go? |
Where | The meeting is in Room 5. | Where is the meeting? |
Where | She was born in Chittagong. | Where was she born? |
When | The train arrives at 9 am. | When does the train arrive? |
When | The earthquake occurred in 2011. | When did the earthquake occur? |
When | She completed her PhD in 2019. | When did she complete her PhD? |
When | The flight will depart tomorrow. | When will the flight depart? |
Why | He missed the class because he was ill. | Why did he miss the class? |
Why | She studies hard to pass. | Why does she study hard? |
Why | He resigned. | Why did he resign? |
Why | She is not eating. | Why is she not eating? |
How | She solved the problem. | How did she solve the problem? |
How far | The station is 2 km away. | How far is the station? |
How long | She has worked here 5 years. | How long has she worked here? |
How often | He exercises 5 times a week. | How often does he exercise? |
How much | The book costs 500 taka. | How much does the book cost? |
How many | 30 students are in the class. | How many students are in the class? |
How old | She is 25 years old. | How old is she? |
How fast | The train travels at 120 km/h. | How fast does the train travel? |
How soon | The parcel arrives in 2 days. | How soon will the parcel arrive? |
7. [How long [Pres. Perf. Cont.]]
Statement: She has been studying medicine for 6 years.
Question: How long has she been studying medicine?
ব্যাখ্যা: How long + has + S + been + V-ing?
8. [How many [Count]]
Statement: Twenty-five students passed.
Question: How many students passed?
ব্যাখ্যা: How many + Noun + V2 (Subject Q)?
9. [How much [Amount]]
Statement: The renovation cost five million taka.
Question: How much did the renovation cost?
ব্যাখ্যা: How much + did + S + V1?
4. Wh-Questions Across All Tenses — সব Tense-এ উদাহরণ
4.1 Simple Present — Practice Set
Wh-Word | Statement / Answer | Wh-Question |
What | She teaches English. | What does she teach? |
Where | He works at the university. | Where does he work? |
When | The library closes at 6 pm. | When does the library close? |
Why | She drinks green tea for health. | Why does she drink green tea? |
How | He commutes by train. | How does he commute? |
Who | The CEO chairs the meeting. | Who chairs the meeting? |
Which | She prefers the morning shift. | Which shift does she prefer? |
How many | 20 students attend. | How many students attend? |
How often | He exercises 5 times a week. | How often does he exercise? |
Whose | She uses his computer. | Whose computer does she use? |
What (Subj) | Someone runs this organization. | Who runs this organization? |
What (Subj) | Something worries him. | What worries him? |
10. [Who [Subj — Sim. Pres.]]
Statement: The prime minister signs all bills.
Question: Who signs all bills?
ব্যাখ্যা: Who = Subject; no aux; signs stays。
11. [What [Obj — Sim. Pres.]]
Statement: She manages the finances.
Question: What does she manage?
ব্যাখ্যা: What = Object; does + S + V1?
4.2 Present Continuous & Perfect
Wh-Word | Statement / Answer | Wh-Question |
What | She is writing a novel. | What is she writing? |
Where | He is working. | Where is he working? |
Why | She is crying. | Why is she crying? |
Who | Someone is knocking. | Who is knocking? |
What | She has published a book. | What has she published? |
How long | She has worked here for 5 years. | How long has she worked here? |
How many | They have won 3 titles. | How many titles have they won? |
Why | He has resigned. | Why has he resigned? |
Who | Someone has taken the file. | Who has taken the file? |
Whom | She has called someone. | Whom has she called? |
12. [Pres. Cont. [What]]
Statement: The government is implementing new policies.
Question: What is the government implementing?
ব্যাখ্যা: What + is/am/are + S + V-ing?
13. [Pres. Perf. [How many]]
Statement: She has published 7 research papers.
Question: How many research papers has she published?
ব্যাখ্যা: How many + Noun + have/has + S + V3?
4.3 Simple Past — Large Practice Set
Wh-Word | Statement / Answer | Wh-Question |
What | She wrote a letter. | What did she write? |
Where | He went to the library. | Where did he go? |
When | She left the office. | When did she leave? |
Why | He quit the job. | Why did he quit? |
How | She solved the puzzle. | How did she solve it? |
Who | Someone stole my wallet. | Who stole my wallet? |
Whom | She met someone important. | Whom did she meet? |
Which | He chose a particular option. | Which option did he choose? |
How many | They hired 50 people. | How many people did they hire? |
How much | She paid 2000 taka. | How much did she pay? |
How long | The meeting lasted 3 hours. | How long did the meeting last? |
Whose | He used her laptop. | Whose laptop did he use? |
What (Subj) | Something caused the accident. | What caused the accident? |
Who (Subj) | Kazi Nazrul wrote many songs. | Who wrote many songs? |
By whom | The poem was written by Tagore. | By whom was the poem written? |
14. [Who [Subj — Sim. Past]]
Statement: Newton discovered the law of gravity.
Question: Who discovered the law of gravity?
ব্যাখ্যা: Who = Subject; no "did"; past verb (discovered) stays।
15. [How much [Sim. Past]]
Statement: She spent 50,000 taka on the renovation.
Question: How much did she spend on the renovation?
ব্যাখ্যা: How much + did + S + V1?
16. [Whom [Sim. Past]]
Statement: The director called the manager.
Question: Whom did the director call?
ব্যাখ্যা: Whom = Object; did + S + V1?
4.4 Past Perfect, Future & Modals
Wh-Word | Statement / Answer | Wh-Question |
What | She had submitted the report. | What had she submitted? |
Who | Someone had locked the door. | Who had locked the door? |
How long | She had waited. | How long had she waited? |
What | She will publish results. | What will she publish? |
When | The train will arrive. | When will the train arrive? |
Where | They will hold the event. | Where will they hold the event? |
Who | Someone will lead the team. | Who will lead the team? |
How many | They will recruit people. | How many people will they recruit? |
What | She can explain. | What can she explain? |
How | He can help. | How can he help? |
Who | Someone should lead. | Who should lead? |
Why | She must leave. | Why must she leave? |
17. [Future [When]]
Statement: The new policy will take effect from January.
Question: When will the new policy take effect?
ব্যাখ্যা: When + will + S + V1?
18. [Modal [How many]]
Statement: She can speak three languages.
Question: How many languages can she speak?
ব্যাখ্যা: How many + Noun + Modal + S + V1?
5. Special Types — বিশেষ ধরনের Wh-প্রশ্ন
5.1 Preposition + Wh-word
Statement | Formal (Prep. first) | Informal (Prep. last) |
She spoke about the issue. | About what did she speak? | What did she speak about? |
He is looking for something. | For what is he looking? | What is he looking for? |
She is talking to someone. | To whom is she talking? | Who is she talking to? |
He depends on someone. | On whom does he depend? | Who does he depend on? |
She applied for a position. | For which position did she apply? | Which position did she apply for? |
They argued about something. | About what did they argue? | What did they argue about? |
He belongs to a club. | To which club does he belong? | Which club does he belong to? |
19. [To whom [formal]]
Statement: She was reporting to the director.
Question: To whom was she reporting?
ব্যাখ্যা: To + whom + was + S + V-ing?
5.2 Indirect / Embedded Wh-Questions
★ NOTE |
Rule: Indirect Q-তে Inversion হয় না — Assertive word order। Direct: Where does she live? Indirect: Do you know where she lives? ✔ WRONG: Do you know where does she live? ✘ |
Direct Question | Indirect / Embedded Question |
Where does she live? | Do you know where she lives? |
What did he say? | Can you tell me what he said? |
When will the results come? | I wonder when the results will come. |
Who is she? | I don't know who she is. |
Why did he leave? | Do you know why he left? |
How does she manage? | I'm curious how she manages. |
Which team won? | Do you remember which team won? |
How much does it cost? | Could you tell me how much it costs? |
Where has she gone? | I wonder where she has gone. |
What time does the flight leave? | Do you know what time the flight leaves? |
20. [Indirect Q]
Statement: Where did she go?
Question: Can you tell me where she went?
ব্যাখ্যা: Indirect: where + S + V2 (no inversion; went not "did go")।
21. [Indirect Q]
Statement: How does he manage the team?
Question: Do you know how he manages the team?
ব্যাখ্যা: Indirect: how + S + manages (3rd person s stays)।
5.3 Negative Wh-Questions
Wh-Word | Statement / Answer | Wh-Question |
Why not | He did not attend. | Why did he not attend? / Why didn't he attend? |
Why not | She has not responded. | Why has she not responded? |
Why not | He will not come. | Why will he not come? |
Why not | She cannot solve it. | Why can't she solve it? |
Why not | She is not eating. | Why is she not eating? |
What not | She did not say something. | What did she not say? |
22. [Negative Wh-Q]
Statement: He did not inform the committee.
Question: Why did he not inform the committee?
ব্যাখ্যা: Why + did + S + not + V1?
5.4 What kind/sort/type + Wh-Q
Wh-Word | Statement / Answer | Wh-Question |
What kind of | She reads mystery novels. | What kind of novels does she read? |
What type of | He drives an electric car. | What type of car does he drive? |
What sort of | She prefers classical music. | What sort of music does she prefer? |
What color | She painted the wall blue. | What color did she paint the wall? |
What time | The meeting starts at 10 am. | What time does the meeting start? |
What language | She speaks Bengali. | What language does she speak? |
What subject | He teaches physics. | What subject does he teach? |
What size | He wears a large shirt. | What size shirt does he wear? |
6. Assertive → Wh-Question
FORMULA / STRUCTURE |
Steps: ① Which part to ask about? ② Which Wh-word? ③ Subject Q (no aux) or Object Q (aux)? ④ Choose tense aux ⑤ Add ? |
Wh-Word | Statement / Answer | Wh-Question |
Where | She was born in Rangpur. | Where was she born? |
When | The library closes at 6 pm. | When does the library close? |
Why | He missed the class because he was ill. | Why did he miss the class? |
Who | The principal called the meeting. | Who called the meeting? |
What | The fire destroyed the warehouse. | What did the fire destroy? |
Whom | She informed the director. | Whom did she inform? |
Whose | She borrowed his dictionary. | Whose dictionary did she borrow? |
Which | She chose the second plan. | Which plan did she choose? |
How many | She has five siblings. | How many siblings does she have? |
How much | The fee is 1000 taka. | How much is the fee? |
How long | The film lasts for 2 hours. | How long does the film last? |
How often | He calls his parents weekly. | How often does he call his parents? |
How old | She is 28 years old. | How old is she? |
How far | The market is 3 km away. | How far is the market? |
What | He is a software engineer. | What is he? |
What kind | She teaches a foreign language. | What kind of language does she teach? |
What time | The match begins at 4 pm. | What time does the match begin? |
How | He commutes to office by train. | How does he commute? |
Why | She resigned because of family reasons. | Why did she resign? |
Where | They went to Cox's Bazar for vacation. | Where did they go for vacation? |
When | He completed his PhD in 2019. | When did he complete his PhD? |
Who | She submitted the project. | Who submitted the project? |
Whose | He lost her phone. | Whose phone did he lose? |
How many | She has written 12 novels. | How many novels has she written? |
How long | She has lived here for 10 years. | How long has she lived here? |
What | They are discussing a new policy. | What are they discussing? |
Who | Someone knocked at the door. | Who knocked at the door? |
Whom | He called the manager. | Whom did he call? |
By whom | The law was passed by the parliament. | By whom was the law passed? |
To whom | She addressed the letter to the director. | To whom did she address the letter? |
7. Tricky & Uncommon Rules
7.1 Who vs Whom
Situation | Correct | Wrong |
Subject Q | Who wrote this? | Whom wrote this? ✘ |
Object Q | Whom did she meet? | Who did she meet? (informal OK) |
After "to" | To whom did he speak? | To who did he speak? ✘ |
After "by" | By whom was it done? | By who was it done? ✘ |
After "for" | For whom did she do it? | For who did she do it? ✘ |
After "with" | With whom was she talking? | With who? ✘ |
7.2 What vs Which
Context | What (General) | Which (Specific) |
Open choice | What would you like? | Which one — tea or coffee? |
Role/Profession | What does he do? | — (not used for profession) |
Identity | What is it? | Which one is it? |
No limit given | What country? | Which country — Bangladesh or India? |
7.3 How vs What...like
Question | Meaning | Answer Type |
"How is she?" | Current condition/state | She is fine. |
"What is she like?" | Personality/description | She is kind and smart. |
"How was the trip?" | Opinion/impression | It was great. |
"What was it like?" | Description of experience | It was adventurous... |
"How does he look?" | Current appearance | He looks tired. |
"What does he look like?" | Physical appearance | He is tall, dark hair... |
7.4 Subject Q — Common Errors
✘ TRAP / WARNING |
TRAP 1: Subject Q-তে "did/does/do" ব্যবহার ভুল। ✘ Who did break the window? ✔ Who broke the window? TRAP 2: Subject Q-তে Verb 3rd person singular। ✘ Who do lead the team? ✔ Who leads the team? TRAP 3: Indirect Q-তে Inversion হয় না। ✘ Do you know where does she live? ✔ Do you know where she lives? TRAP 4: "How many" + Countable; "How much" + Uncountable। ✘ How many water? ✔ How much water? TRAP 5: "After does/did" → V1 (base form)। ✘ What does she likes? ✔ What does she like? |
7.5 "How come" and "What for"
★ NOTE |
"How come" = Why (Informal): "How come she is late?" = "Why is she late?" After "how come" → No inversion: "How come she is here?" (not "How come is she here?") "What for" = Why (Informal): "What did you do that for?" = "Why did you do that?" |
8. Extensive Solved Examples
A. BCS/Bank Pattern:
23. [What [Sim. Past]]
Statement: The committee rejected the proposal.
Question: What did the committee reject?
ব্যাখ্যা: What = Object; did + S + V1?
24. [Why [Pres. Perf.]]
Statement: She has been promoted recently.
Question: Why has she been promoted?
ব্যাখ্যা: Why + has + S + been + V3?
25. [Who [Subj.]]
Statement: The prime minister chairs the cabinet meeting.
Question: Who chairs the cabinet meeting?
ব্যাখ্যা: Who = Subject; no aux; chairs stays।
26. [Whom [Sim. Past]]
Statement: The police arrested the suspect.
Question: Whom did the police arrest?
ব্যাখ্যা: Whom = Object; did + S + V1?
27. [Where [Past Cont.]]
Statement: She was working in Chittagong.
Question: Where was she working?
ব্যাখ্যা: Where + was + S + V-ing?
28. [How many [Pres. Perf.]]
Statement: She has published 7 research papers.
Question: How many research papers has she published?
ব্যাখ্যা: How many + Noun + have/has + S + V3?
29. [When [Sim. Past]]
Statement: Bangladesh became independent in 1971.
Question: When did Bangladesh become independent?
ব্যাখ্যা: When + did + S + V1?
30. [Whose [Sim. Past]]
Statement: He submitted her report by mistake.
Question: Whose report did he submit by mistake?
ব্যাখ্যা: Whose + Noun + did + S + V1?
31. [How [Future]]
Statement: She will handle the difficult clients.
Question: How will she handle the difficult clients?
ব্যাখ্যা: How + will + S + V1?
32. [What [Pres. Cont.]]
Statement: The authority is reviewing the applications.
Question: What is the authority reviewing?
ব্যাখ্যা: What + is + S + V-ing?
33. [Which [Sim. Past]]
Statement: They selected the third candidate.
Question: Which candidate did they select?
ব্যাখ্যা: Which + Noun + did + S + V1?
34. [How long [Pres. Perf. Cont.]]
Statement: She has been studying medicine for 6 years.
Question: How long has she been studying medicine?
ব্যাখ্যা: How long + has + S + been + V-ing?
35. [How far [Pres.]]
Statement: The capital city is 200 km from here.
Question: How far is the capital city from here?
ব্যাখ্যা: How far + is/am/are + S?
36. [By whom [Passive]]
Statement: The national anthem was composed by Tagore.
Question: By whom was the national anthem composed?
ব্যাখ্যা: By whom + was + S + V3?
37. [How often [Pres.]]
Statement: She donates blood every six months.
Question: How often does she donate blood?
ব্যাখ্যা: How often + does + S + V1?
38. [What [Subj Q]]
Statement: Something motivated him to work harder.
Question: What motivated him to work harder?
ব্যাখ্যা: What = Subject; no aux; motivated stays।
39. [To whom [Formal]]
Statement: She addressed the letter to the director.
Question: To whom did she address the letter?
ব্যাখ্যা: To + whom + did + S + V1?
40. [How much [Sim. Past]]
Statement: She spent 50,000 taka on the renovation.
Question: How much did she spend on the renovation?
ব্যাখ্যা: How much + did + S + V1?
B. All Wh-words Mixed Practice:
41. [What kind]
Statement: The company manufactures industrial equipment.
Question: What kind of equipment does the company manufacture?
ব্যাখ্যা: What kind of + Noun + does + S + V1?
42. [How old]
Statement: He retired at the age of 60.
Question: How old was he when he retired?
ব্যাখ্যা: How old + was + S?
43. [How soon]
Statement: The report will be ready in two days.
Question: How soon will the report be ready?
ব্যাখ্যা: How soon + will + S + V1?
44. [What (be)]
Statement: She is a surgeon.
Question: What is she?
ব্যাখ্যা: What + is/am/are + S?
45. [Which]
Statement: She prefers the coastal highway over the mountainous route.
Question: Which route does she prefer?
ব্যাখ্যা: Which + Noun + does + S + V1?
46. [Whose]
Statement: He is using my pen.
Question: Whose pen is he using?
ব্যাখ্যা: Whose + Noun + Aux + S + V-ing?
47. [How [manner]]
Statement: She learned coding through online courses.
Question: How did she learn coding?
ব্যাখ্যা: How + did + S + V1?
48. [Indirect Q]
Statement: When does the ceremony start?
Question: Do you know when the ceremony starts?
ব্যাখ্যা: Indirect: when + S + V (starts — 3rd person)।
49. [Indirect Q]
Statement: Why did he resign?
Question: Can you tell me why he resigned?
ব্যাখ্যা: Indirect: why + S + V2 (resigned)।
50. [Negative Wh-Q]
Statement: She cannot explain the concept clearly.
Question: Why can't she explain the concept clearly?
ব্যাখ্যা: Why + can't + S + V1?
9. MCQ Practice
নিচের প্রশ্নগুলো BCS Preliminary, Bank Job ও NTRCA পরীক্ষার ধরনে তৈরি।
Q1. Correct Wh-Q for: "She lives in Dhaka."
(a) Where does she live?
(b) Where she does live?
(c) Where does she lives?
(d) Where she lives?
Answer: (a) Where does she live?
Explanation: Simple Present Object Q: Where + does + S + V1?
Q2. Correct Subject Q for: "Tom broke the window."
(a) Who did break the window?
(b) Who broke the window?
(c) Who does break the window?
(d) Whom broke the window?
Answer: (b) Who broke the window?
Explanation: Subject Q: Who + V2 (no auxiliary)।
Q3. Ask about Object (person): "She met Tom."
(a) Who did she meet?
(b) Whom did she meet?
(c) Who she met?
(d) Whom she did meet?
Answer: (b) Whom did she meet?
Explanation: "Tom" = Object (person) → Whom; did + she + meet?
Q4. Correct Q for: "The book costs 500 taka."
(a) How much the book costs?
(b) How much does the book cost?
(c) How much is the book cost?
(d) What does the book cost?
Answer: (b) How much does the book cost?
Explanation: How much + does + S + V1? (cost — not "costs")।
Q5. Correct Q for: "She has been waiting for 3 hours."
(a) How long she has been waiting?
(b) How long has she been waiting?
(c) How long was she waiting?
(d) Since when has she been waiting?
Answer: (b) How long has she been waiting?
Explanation: How long + has + S + been + V-ing?
Q6. Which word is WRONG: "What does she likes?"
(a) What
(b) does
(c) she
(d) likes
Answer: (d) likes
Explanation: After "does" → V1 (like, not "likes")।
Q7. Correct Indirect Q for: "Where does she work?"
(a) Do you know where does she work?
(b) Do you know where she works?
(c) Do you know where she does work?
(d) Do you know where she worked?
Answer: (b) Do you know where she works?
Explanation: Indirect Q: no inversion → where + S + V (works)।
Q8. Correct Q for: "He was born in 1995."
(a) When was he born?
(b) When did he born?
(c) When he was born?
(d) When has he been born?
Answer: (a) When was he born?
Explanation: "Born" = passive/adjective → When + was + S?
Q9. Ask about time: "She submitted her report yesterday."
(a) When did she submit her report?
(b) When she submitted her report?
(c) When has she submitted her report?
(d) When does she submit her report?
Answer: (a) When did she submit her report?
Explanation: Simple Past time Q: When + did + S + V1?
Q10. Correct Subject Q for: "Something bothered him."
(a) What did bother him?
(b) What bothered him?
(c) What does bother him?
(d) What has bothered him?
Answer: (b) What bothered him?
Explanation: Subject Q: What + V2 (no auxiliary)।
Q11. "___ does she visit the gym?" Answer: "Three times a week."
(a) How many
(b) How much
(c) How often
(d) How long
Answer: (c) How often
Explanation: Frequency → How often।
Q12. "___ students are in the class?" Answer: "Thirty."
(a) How much
(b) How many
(c) How long
(d) How often
Answer: (b) How many
Explanation: Countable → How many + Noun।
Q13. "___ is he?" Answer: "He is a doctor."
(a) Who
(b) What
(c) Which
(d) Whom
Answer: (b) What
Explanation: Profession/Identity → What + is + S?
Q14. Correct Q for: "He called the manager yesterday."
(a) Whom did he call yesterday?
(b) Who did he call yesterday?
(c) Whom he called yesterday?
(d) Whom called he yesterday?
Answer: (a) Whom did he call yesterday?
Explanation: "Manager" = Object (person) → Whom; did + S + V1?
Q15. Choose the WRONG question:
(a) Who does lead the team?
(b) Who leads the team?
(c) Who is leading the team?
(d) Who has led the team?
Answer: (a) Who does lead the team?
Explanation: Subject Q Simple Present: "Who leads" NOT "Who does lead"।
Q16. "___ is the station from here?" Answer: "About 2 km."
(a) How long
(b) How much
(c) How far
(d) How often
Answer: (c) How far
Explanation: Distance → How far।
Q17. Correct Q for: "She joined the company in January."
(a) When did she join the company?
(b) When she joined the company?
(c) When has she joined the company?
(d) When does she join the company?
Answer: (a) When did she join the company?
Explanation: Simple Past time Q: When + did + S + V1?
Q18. "___ did she resign?" Answer: "Because of poor management."
(a) Where
(b) When
(c) Why
(d) How
Answer: (c) Why
Explanation: Reason → Why।
Q19. Correct Q for: "She has lived here for ten years."
(a) How long has she lived here?
(b) How long she has lived here?
(c) How long did she live here?
(d) Since how long has she lived here?
Answer: (a) How long has she lived here?
Explanation: How long + have/has + S + V3?
Q20. Which INDIRECT question is correct?
(a) I wonder why did she leave.
(b) I wonder why she left.
(c) I wonder why she did leave.
(d) I wonder why she leaves then.
Answer: (b) I wonder why she left.
Explanation: Indirect Q: no inversion → why + S + V2 (left)।
Q21. Correct Q for: "The document was signed by the minister."
(a) By whom the document was signed?
(b) By whom was the document signed?
(c) Who was the document signed by?
(d) Whom was the document signed by?
Answer: (b) By whom was the document signed?
Explanation: Passive Wh-Q: By whom + was + O + V3?
Q22. "___ does the train travel?" Answer: "At 120 km/h."
(a) How fast
(b) How often
(c) How long
(d) How far
Answer: (a) How fast
Explanation: Speed → How fast।
Q23. Correct Q for: "She spoke about the environment." [Formal]
(a) What did she speak about?
(b) About what did she speak?
(c) Both a and b are correct.
(d) What about did she speak?
Answer: (c) Both a and b are correct.
Explanation: Both correct: informal (what...about) and formal (about what)।
Q24. Subject Q for: "Someone has reported the incident."
(a) Who has reported the incident?
(b) Who did report the incident?
(c) Who reported the incident?
(d) Whom has reported the incident?
Answer: (a) Who has reported the incident?
Explanation: Who = Subject; Present Perfect stays: Who + has + V3?
Q25. What is WRONG with: "Who did write this letter?"
(a) Who is wrong — should be Whom
(b) Did is unnecessary in Subject Q
(c) Write should be written
(d) Nothing is wrong
Answer: (b) Did is unnecessary in Subject Q
Explanation: Subject Q → No "did"; Correct: Who wrote this letter?
Q26. Correct Q for: "She is 35 years old."
(a) How much old is she?
(b) How old she is?
(c) How old is she?
(d) What age is she?
Answer: (c) How old is she?
Explanation: How old + is/am/are + S?
Q27. "___ team won the championship?" Answer: "Team Bangladesh."
(a) What
(b) Which
(c) Who
(d) Whom
Answer: (b) Which
Explanation: Choice from known teams → Which + Noun।
Q28. Which is the correct INDIRECT Wh-Q?
(a) I wonder why did she leave.
(b) I wonder why she left.
(c) I wonder why she did leave.
(d) I wonder why she leaves then.
Answer: (b) I wonder why she left.
Explanation: Indirect Q: no inversion → why + S + V2।
Q29. Correct Q for: "He is feeling sad today."
(a) How he is feeling?
(b) What is he feeling?
(c) How is he feeling?
(d) What does he feel?
Answer: (c) How is he feeling?
Explanation: How + is/am/are + S + V-ing?
Q30. Subject Q for: "The storm destroyed the city."
(a) What did the storm destroy?
(b) What destroyed the city?
(c) What has destroyed the city?
(d) What does the storm destroy?
Answer: (b) What destroyed the city?
Explanation: "The city" was destroyed — asking what did it → What + V2 (destroyed)।
Q31. Correct Q for: "She makes 50,000 taka a month."
(a) How many does she make?
(b) How much she makes?
(c) How much does she make?
(d) How much is she making?
Answer: (c) How much does she make?
Explanation: How much + does + S + V1?
Q32. Which Wh-word asks about POSSESSION?
(a) Who
(b) What
(c) Whose
(d) Which
Answer: (c) Whose
Explanation: Ownership/Possession → Whose।
Q33. Correct Q for: "He travels by train."
(a) How does he travel?
(b) What does he travel by?
(c) Both a and b are correct.
(d) How he travels?
Answer: (c) Both a and b are correct.
Explanation: Both: How + does + S + travel? / What + does + S + travel + by?
Q34. Ask about the subject: "Someone has completed the work."
(a) Who did complete the work?
(b) Who has completed the work?
(c) Who completed the work?
(d) Whom has completed the work?
Answer: (b) Who has completed the work?
Explanation: Subject Q with Present Perfect: Who + has + V3?
Q35. Correct INDIRECT Q for: "How does he commute?"
(a) I wonder how does he commute.
(b) I wonder how he commutes.
(c) I wonder how he does commute.
(d) I wonder how he commuted.
Answer: (b) I wonder how he commutes.
Explanation: Indirect Q: no inversion → how + S + V (commutes)।
10. Fill in the Blanks — শূন্যস্থান পূরণ
1. ___ did she go after the conference? (Place)
Answer: Where
ব্যাখ্যা: Place → Where।
2. ___ broke the glass? (Person — Subject)
Answer: Who
ব্যাখ্যা: Person as Subject → Who (no auxiliary)।
3. ___ did they invite? (Person — Object)
Answer: Whom
ব্যাখ্যা: Person as Object → Whom।
4. ___ novel has she written? (Possession)
Answer: Whose
ব্যাখ্যা: Ownership → Whose + Noun।
5. ___ did the accident happen? (Time)
Answer: When
ব্যাখ্যা: Time → When।
6. ___ did he refuse the offer? (Reason)
Answer: Why
ব্যাখ্যা: Reason → Why।
7. ___ does she manage the department alone? (Manner)
Answer: How
ব্যাখ্যা: Manner → How।
8. ___ students passed? — Thirty.
Answer: How many
ব্যাখ্যা: Countable → How many + Noun।
9. ___ is the station? — About 5 km.
Answer: How far
ব্যাখ্যা: Distance → How far।
10. ___ has she been working here? — Six years.
Answer: How long
ব্যাখ্যা: Duration → How long।
11. ___ does he visit the doctor? — Twice a year.
Answer: How often
ব্যাখ্যা: Frequency → How often।
12. ___ is she? — She is 32.
Answer: How old
ব্যাখ্যা: Age → How old।
13. ___ does the ticket cost? — Five hundred taka.
Answer: How much
ব্যাখ্যা: Amount (money) → How much।
14. ___ department does she work in?
Answer: Which
ব্যাখ্যা: Specific choice → Which + Noun।
15. Do you know ___ she left so early? (Indirect Q)
Answer: why
ব্যাখ্যা: Indirect Q: why + S + V।
16. ___ subject does he teach?
Answer: What / Which
ব্যাখ্যা: General → What; specific set → Which।
17. By ___ was this bridge built?
Answer: whom
ব্যাখ্যা: Passive Q: By + whom।
18. ___ train should I take — the 8 am or the 10 am?
Answer: Which
ব্যাখ্যা: Limited choice → Which।
19. Can you tell me ___ the library is open?
Answer: when
ব্যাখ্যা: Indirect Q: when + S + V।
20. ___ does he travel to work? — By bicycle.
Answer: How
ব্যাখ্যা: Manner → How।
21. ___ was she wearing when you saw her?
Answer: What
ব্যাখ্যা: Thing worn → What।
22. ___ did the flood affect? (Things)
Answer: What
ব্যাখ্যা: Things/Abstract → What।
23. ___ did they build the stadium? (Place)
Answer: Where
ব্যাখ্যা: Location → Where।
24. ___ is he? — He is a software engineer.
Answer: What
ব্যাখ্যা: Profession → What।
25. ___ did she speak to? — She spoke to the director.
Answer: Whom / Who
ব্যাখ্যা: Object person → Whom (formal) / Who (informal)।
11. Error Detection
1. Where does she lives?
Error: lives → live → Correction: Where does she live?
does-এর পরে V1 (base form) → live।
2. Who did broke the window?
Error: did broke → broke → Correction: Who broke the window?
Subject Q → no auxiliary (did); past verb stays।
3. Whom broke the window?
Error: Whom → Who → Correction: Who broke the window?
Subject → "Who" (not "Whom")।
4. How much students are here?
Error: How much → How many → Correction: How many students are here?
Countable (students) → How many।
5. Do you know where does she live?
Error: where does she live → where she lives → Correction: Do you know where she lives?
Indirect Q → no inversion।
6. When she was born?
Error: Missing inversion → Correction: When was she born?
Be-verb Q: When + was + S?
7. What does he likes?
Error: likes → like → Correction: What does he like?
does + V1 → like (not "likes")।
8. Who does lead the team?
Error: does lead → leads → Correction: Who leads the team?
Subject Q → no "does"; leads (3rd pers.)।
9. How many money does she have?
Error: How many money → How much money → Correction: How much money does she have?
"Money" = uncountable → How much।
10. By who was it written?
Error: By who → By whom → Correction: By whom was it written?
After preposition "by" → Whom।
11. What time she does arrive?
Error: she does arrive → does she arrive → Correction: What time does she arrive?
Inversion: Aux (does) + Subject।
12. Why did he not came?
Error: came → come → Correction: Why did he not come?
did + V1 (base form) → come।
13. What is she look like?
Error: What is she look like → What does she look like → Correction: What does she look like?
"Look like" = action verb → does + S + V1।
14. Whose is this book?
Error: Whose is this book → Whose book is this → Correction: Whose book is this?
Whose + Noun structure more natural।
15. How far away it is?
Error: Missing inversion → Correction: How far away is it?
Q word order: How far + is + S?
16. What time does the train arrives?
Error: arrives → arrive → Correction: What time does the train arrive?
does + V1 → arrive (not "arrives")।
17. How did he went there?
Error: went → go → Correction: How did he go there?
did + V1 → go (not "went")।
18. Whom is she?
Error: Whom → Who / What → Correction: Who is she? / What is she?
Identity → Who; Profession → What।
19. I wonder where does he live.
Error: does he live → he lives → Correction: I wonder where he lives.
Indirect Q: no inversion → where + S + V।
20. Which broke the window? (No specific set meant)
Error: Which → What → Correction: What broke the window?
No specific set → What (not Which)।
12. Master Summary, Tips & Traps
✔ EXAM TIP |
TIP 1 — Subject vs Object Q: Subject প্রশ্ন → No Auxiliary + Verb 3rd pers. singular; Object প্রশ্ন → Auxiliary আবশ্যক। TIP 2 — Who vs Whom: Answer: he/she/they → Who; him/her/them → Whom। Preposition-এর পরে সবসময় Whom। TIP 3 — What vs Which: "What" = unlimited/open; "Which" = limited/specific choice। TIP 4 — How variants: "How many" (Count) | "How much" (Amount) | "How long" (Duration) | "How far" (Distance) | "How often" (Frequency) | "How old" (Age) | "How fast" (Speed) TIP 5 — After does/did: সবসময় V1 (base form) — "likes" নয়, "like"; "went" নয়, "go"। TIP 6 — Indirect Q: No inversion after Wh-word: "Do you know where she lives?" (not "does she live")। TIP 7 — By whom: Passive Wh-Q → "By whom + Aux + S + V3?" — "Who" নয়। TIP 8 — What is he?: Profession → "What is he?"; Identity (person) → "Who is he?"। TIP 9 — Whose + Noun: "Whose book is this?" — Whose + Noun + Verb। TIP 10 — How vs What like: "How is she?" = condition; "What is she like?" = description। |
✘ TRAP / WARNING |
TRAP 1: "Who did broke?" → wrong. "Who broke?" → correct। TRAP 2: "Where does she lives?" → wrong. "Where does she live?" → correct। TRAP 3: "How many money?" → wrong. "How much money?" → correct। TRAP 4: "Do you know where does she work?" → wrong. "Do you know where she works?" → correct। TRAP 5: "Whom broke the window?" → wrong. "Who broke?" → correct (Subject Q)। TRAP 6: "Who does lead?" → wrong. "Who leads?" → correct (Subject Q — no "does")। TRAP 7: "How come is she here?" → wrong. "How come she is here?" → correct (no inversion after "how come")। TRAP 8: "What does she likes?" → wrong. "What does she like?" → correct (V1 after does)। |
Master Reference Table — Wh-Word at a Glance
Wh-Word | জানতে চাই | Subject Q? | Object Q? | উদাহরণ (Sim. Past) |
Who | Person (Subject) | ✔ Yes | — | Who wrote this? (no aux) |
Whom | Person (Object) | — | ✔ Yes | Whom did she meet? (did) |
Whose | Possession | — | ✔ Yes | Whose book did she take? |
What | Thing/Idea/Action | ✔ Sometimes | ✔ Yes | What happened? / What did she do? |
Which | Specific Choice | — | ✔ Yes | Which route did he take? |
Where | Place/Location | — | ✔ Yes | Where did she go? |
When | Time | — | ✔ Yes | When did he arrive? |
Why | Reason | — | ✔ Yes | Why did she leave? |
How | Manner/Method | — | ✔ Yes | How did he solve it? |
How many | Count (Countable) | — | ✔ Yes | How many books? |
How much | Amount (Uncountable) | — | ✔ Yes | How much water? |
How long | Duration | — | ✔ Yes | How long did it take? |
How far | Distance | — | ✔ Yes | How far is it? |
How often | Frequency | — | ✔ Yes | How often does he? |
How old | Age | — | ✔ Yes | How old is she? |