Right Forms of Verbs

Right Forms of Verbs

ক্রিয়ার সঠিক রূপ

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Right Forms of Verbs কী?

📌 Right Form of Verbs কেন এত গুরুত্বপূর্ণ?

সব পরীক্ষায় Right Forms of Verbs থেকে প্রশ্ন আসেই।

এটি একটি শূন্যস্থান পূরণ ধরনের প্রশ্ন যেখানে দেওয়া Verb-কে Tense, Subject, Mood ও Sentence Pattern অনুযায়ী সঠিক রূপে বসাতে হয়।

উদাহরণ: She _____ (read) a book now.

→ এখানে 'now' আছে → Present Continuous → 'is reading'

এই অধ্যায়ে ৫০+ নিয়ম বিস্তারিতভাবে আলোচনা করা হয়েছে — কোনো নিয়ম বাদ পড়েনি।

🔑 🔑 Verb-এর সঠিক রূপ নির্ধারণে যা যা দেখতে হবে

১. Subject কে? (Singular না Plural?)

২. Tense কোনটি? (Signal Word দেখুন)

৩. Sentence Type কী? (Affirmative/Negative/Interrogative/Conditional)

৪. Mood কী? (Indicative/Imperative/Subjunctive)

৫. পূর্বে কোনো বিশেষ শব্দ আছে কি? (had better, would rather, lest, wish, as if, etc.)

৬. Active না Passive Voice?

৭. Modal Verb-এর পরে কী Form? (will/can/should + V1)

৮. কোনো Conjunction বা Preposition-এর পরে কি?

Part A: Subject-Verb Agreement

নিয়ম 1: Singular Subject → Singular Verb; Plural Subject → Plural Verb

✗ He go to school.

✓ He goes to school.

3rd Person Singular → goes

নিয়ম 2: দুটি Subject 'and' দিয়ে যুক্ত হলে → Plural Verb

⚠️ ⚠️ ব্যতিক্রম: 'and' দিয়ে যুক্ত হলেও Singular Verb

যখন 'and' দিয়ে যুক্ত দুটি Noun একই ব্যক্তি বা একই বস্তু বোঝায় → Singular Verb:

✓ The poet and philosopher is dead. (একই ব্যক্তি — একটি 'the')

✓ Bread and butter is my breakfast. (একটি combined dish)

✓ Slow and steady wins the race.

✓ Time and tide waits for none.

✓ Honour and glory is his reward.

তুলনা করুন:

The poet and the philosopher are dead. (দুজন আলাদা ব্যক্তি — দুটি 'the')

নিয়ম 3: Either...or / Neither...nor / Not only...but also → কাছের Subject অনুযায়ী Verb

✗ Neither he nor his friends is responsible.

✓ Neither he nor his friends are responsible.

কাছের Subject 'friends' (Plural) → are

নিয়ম 4: Each, Every, Either, Neither, Anyone, Everyone, Nobody, No one → সবসময় Singular Verb

✗ Each of the boys have a pen.

✓ Each of the boys has a pen.

each → Singular → has

নিয়ম 5: Both, Few, Many, Several, Others → সবসময় Plural Verb

নিয়ম 6: Collective Noun: একক হিসেবে → Singular Verb; সদস্যদের আলাদা কাজ → Plural Verb

নিয়ম 7: কিছু Collective Noun সবসময় Plural Verb নেয়

📌 📌 সবসময় Plural Verb-এর Collective Nouns

police, cattle, people, gentry, public, peasantry, clergy, nobility, vermin, poultry

✓ The police have arrested the thief.

✓ Cattle are grazing in the field.

✓ People are dying of hunger.

✓ The poultry are kept in cages.

✓ The clergy were respected by all.

✗ The police is investigating the case.

✓ The police are investigating the case.

police → সবসময় Plural Verb

নিয়ম 8: কিছু Noun দেখতে Plural হলেও সবসময় Singular Verb

📌 📌 Singular-treated Nouns (যদিও -s শেষে)

Subjects: physics, mathematics, economics, statistics, politics, ethics, civics, linguistics, gymnastics, athletics, news

Diseases: measles, mumps, rickets, diabetes

Countries with -s: the United States, the Netherlands, the Philippines, the West Indies

Games: billiards, darts, cards (game নাম), aerobics

✓ Mathematics is my favourite subject.

✓ The news is shocking.

✓ Measles is a contagious disease.

✓ The United States is a powerful country.

✓ Billiards is an indoor game.

✗ Politics are a complex subject.

✓ Politics is a complex subject.

Politics (subject) → Singular Verb

নিয়ম 9: কিছু Noun সবসময় Plural Verb নেয়

📌 📌 সবসময় Plural-treated Nouns

জোড়ার বস্তু (Pair Items): scissors, trousers, pants, glasses, spectacles, jeans, shorts, pliers, scales, tweezers, binoculars

অন্যান্য: belongings, clothes, surroundings, savings, premises, riches, thanks, alms, ashes, customs (duty), wages, proceeds, contents, particulars, valuables

✓ My trousers are too tight.

✓ The scissors are on the table.

✓ His belongings are in the box.

✓ Her clothes are very expensive.

✓ The wages of sin are death.

✗ My trousers is new.

✓ My trousers are new.

trousers → সবসময় Plural Verb

নিয়ম 10: 'A pair of', 'A bunch of', 'A flock of' → Singular Verb

নিয়ম 11: 'The number of' → Singular Verb; 'A number of' → Plural Verb

✗ A number of boys is present.

✓ A number of boys are present.

A number of = many → Plural

নিয়ম 12: None, All, Some, Most, Half, Plenty, Majority — Context অনুযায়ী

📌 📌 Context-dependent Verb

Verb নির্ভর করে কিসের সাথে আছে তার উপর:

Uncountable Noun-এর সাথে → Singular Verb:

Some of the milk is spoiled. / Most of the work is done.

Half of the cake is eaten. / All the water is gone.

Countable Plural Noun-এর সাথে → Plural Verb:

Some of the boys are absent. / Most of the students are bright.

Half of the apples are rotten. / All the people are happy.

None — উভয়ই গ্রহণযোগ্য (Singular-এ formal):

None of the students has/have done it.

নিয়ম 13: 'Many a' + Singular Noun → Singular Verb

✗ Many a student have passed the exam.

✓ Many a student has passed the exam.

Many a + Singular → Singular Verb

নিয়ম 14: 'More than one' + Singular Noun → Singular Verb

নিয়ম 15: 'One of the' + Plural Noun + Singular Verb

✗ One of the boys are guilty.

✓ One of the boys is guilty.

'One' হলো মূল Subject → Singular → is

নিয়ম 16: 'One of those who' + Plural Verb (in Relative Clause)

নিয়ম 17: Distance, Time, Money, Weight (Quantity) → Singular Verb

নিয়ম 18: Title of book, film, song → Singular Verb

নিয়ম 19: Mathematical Expressions → Singular Verb (সাধারণত)

নিয়ম 20: 'There is/are' — পরের Subject অনুযায়ী Verb

নিয়ম 21: 'As well as', 'along with', 'with', 'together with', 'including', 'besides' — মূল Subject অনুযায়ী Verb

✗ The principal, along with the teachers, are present.

✓ The principal, along with the teachers, is present.

মূল Subject 'principal' (Singular) → is

Part B: Tense-Based Rules — Tense অনুযায়ী Verb-এর সঠিক রূপ

নিয়ম 22: Universal Truth, Habit, Scientific Fact → সবসময় Simple Present

✗ The teacher told us that the earth moved around the sun.

✓ The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun.

Universal Truth — Past Reporting-এও Present-ই থাকে

নিয়ম 23: Signal Words অনুযায়ী Tense বসান

Signal Word

Tense

উদাহরণ

now, at this moment, look!, listen!

Present Continuous

Look! It is raining.

always, usually, often, every day

Simple Present

She always goes to school.

just, already, yet, ever, never, recently

Present Perfect

He has just arrived.

since, for + duration

Present Perfect (Continuous)

She has lived here for ten years.

yesterday, ago, last night/year, in 1971

Simple Past

He came yesterday.

while, when (long action)

Past Continuous

She was reading when he called.

before, after, by the time (past)

Past Perfect

She had left before he came.

tomorrow, next, soon, in future

Simple Future

She will come tomorrow.

by + future time

Future Perfect

She will have finished by Monday.

নিয়ম 24: Time/Conditional Clause-এ Future-এর বদলে Present

⚠️ 📌 এই Conjunction-গুলোর পরে Future Tense ব্যবহার করবেন না

if, when, while, before, after, until, unless, as soon as, by the time, once, in case, no matter, the moment

✗ I will call you when she will arrive.

✓ I will call you when she arrives.

✗ Wait here until he will return.

✓ Wait here until he returns.

✗ If she will come, I will go.

✓ If she comes, I will go.

✗ As soon as the bell will ring, students leave.

✓ As soon as the bell rings, students leave.

নিয়ম 25: No sooner had ... than / Hardly had ... when / Scarcely had ... when

✗ No sooner had he left when she arrived.

✓ No sooner had he left than she arrived.

No sooner → than (not when)

✗ Hardly had he arrived than the meeting started.

✓ Hardly had he arrived when the meeting started.

Hardly/Scarcely → when (not than)

নিয়ম 26: It is + period + since + Past Tense

✗ It is two years since I have left college.

✓ It is two years since I left college.

since-এর পরে Simple Past, Present Perfect নয়

নিয়ম 27: Stative Verbs কখনো Continuous Tense-এ ব্যবহার হয় না

🚫 🚫 Stative Verbs (State Verbs) — Continuous-এ অনুমোদিত নয়

অনুভূতি: love, like, hate, dislike, prefer, want, need, wish

মনোভাব: know, understand, believe, think (opinion), suppose, doubt, recognize, remember, forget, mean

অধিকার/সম্পর্ক: have (possess), own, possess, belong, contain, consist, include

অনুভব/উপলব্ধি: see, hear, smell, taste (automatic), feel (sense)

অবস্থা: be, seem, appear, exist, look (appearance), cost, weigh, measure

✗ I am knowing the answer. ✓ I know the answer.

✗ She is loving him. ✓ She loves him.

✗ He is having a car. ✓ He has a car.

✗ I am understanding the lesson. ✓ I understand the lesson.

নিয়ম 28: Past Perfect: অতীতের দুটি কাজে আগেরটি

✗ She had wrote the letter.

✓ She had written the letter.

had + V3 (written), not V2 (wrote)

Part C: Modal & Special Structures — বিশেষ গঠন ও Modal Verb

নিয়ম 29: Modal Verb-এর পরে সবসময় V1 (Bare Infinitive)

✗ She can speaks English.

✓ She can speak English.

Modal + V1 (no s/es/ed)

✗ You should to respect your elders.

✓ You should respect your elders.

Modal + V1 (no 'to')

✗ He must obeyed the rules.

✓ He must obey the rules.

Modal + V1 (no V2/V3)

নিয়ম 30: Conditional Sentences — Type 1, 2, 3, Mixed

Type

If-Clause

Main Clause

উদাহরণ

Type 0 (Universal Truth)

Simple Present

Simple Present

If you heat ice, it melts.

Type 1 (Real Future)

Simple Present

will/can/may + V1

If she comes, I will go.

Type 2 (Unreal Present)

Simple Past (were)

would/could/might + V1

If I were rich, I would help.

Type 3 (Unreal Past)

Past Perfect (had + V3)

would/could/might + have + V3

If he had studied, he would have passed.

Mixed (Past → Present)

Past Perfect

would + V1 (now)

If I had studied, I would be a doctor now.

✗ If she will come, I will go.

✓ If she comes, I will go.

Type 1: if-clause → Simple Present

✗ If I would have money, I would help.

✓ If I had money, I would help.

Type 2: if-clause → Simple Past 'had'

✗ If he had studied, he would pass.

✓ If he had studied, he would have passed.

Type 3: Main → would have + V3

নিয়ম 31: Type 2 Conditional ও Wish-এ 'were' (সব Person-এ)

📌 📌 Subjunctive 'were' — সব Person-এ

Type 2 Conditional ও Wish-এ 'be' verb-এর Past form 'were' হয় — even with I, he, she, it:

✓ If I were you, I would apologize. (not 'was')

✓ If he were rich, he would help. (not 'was')

✓ I wish I were a bird. (not 'was')

✓ She wishes she were taller. (not 'was')

এটি Subjunctive Mood — formal English-এ বাধ্যতামূলক।

✗ If I was you, I would not do it.

✓ If I were you, I would not do it.

Subjunctive → were (সব Person-এ)

নিয়ম 32: Wish + Subject + Past Simple/Past Perfect

অর্থ

Structure

উদাহরণ

বর্তমান অসম্ভব ইচ্ছা

wish + S + Past Simple/were

I wish I knew the answer. / I wish I were rich.

অতীত নিয়ে আক্ষেপ

wish + S + had + V3

I wish I had studied harder.

ভবিষ্যৎ পরিবর্তন চাই

wish + S + would + V1

I wish she would call me.

✗ I wish I am rich.

✓ I wish I were rich.

wish + were (Subjunctive)

✗ I wish I have studied harder.

✓ I wish I had studied harder.

অতীতে আক্ষেপ → had + V3

নিয়ম 33: As if / As though — Tense Backshift

📌 📌 As if / As though-এর পরে Tense Backshift

Main Clause Present + As if / As though + Past Simple/were:

✓ He talks as if he were a king. (এখন সে রাজা না, কাল্পনিক)

✓ She acts as if she knew everything.

Main Clause Past + As if / As though + Past Perfect:

✓ He talked as if he had been a king. (অতীতে রাজা ছিল না)

✓ She acted as if she had seen a ghost.

নিয়ম: As if + Past Subjunctive (was → were সর্বদা)

✗ He talks as if he is a doctor.

✓ He talks as if he were a doctor.

As if + were (Subjunctive)

✗ She walked as if she was tired.

✓ She walked as if she had been tired. / OR were tired.

অতীতের Past Subjunctive → had been (formal)

নিয়ম 34: It is (high) time + Subject + Past Simple

✗ It is high time we leave.

✓ It is high time we left.

It is high time → Past Simple Verb

নিয়ম 35: Lest + Subject + should + V1

⚠️ ⚠️ Lest নিয়মে গুরুত্বপূর্ণ পয়েন্ট

Lest = যেন না (so that...not)

Lest-এর পরে সবসময় 'should' + V1 বসে।

Lest-এর পরে never ব্যবহার করা যায় না (already negative meaning):

✗ Walk fast lest you should not miss the bus.

✓ Walk fast lest you should miss the bus.

✗ Walk slowly lest you fall down. (should বাদ — Modern English-এ চলে, কিন্তু পরীক্ষায় should দিন)

✓ Walk slowly lest you should fall down.

✗ Walk fast lest you missed the train.

✓ Walk fast lest you should miss the train.

lest + should + V1 (Bare Infinitive)

নিয়ম 36: Had better / Would rather + V1 (Bare Infinitive)

📌 📌 Had better এর Negative ও বিশেষ গঠন

Had better not + V1: You had better not go there.

Would rather not + V1: I would rather not say anything.

Would rather + Subject + V2 (Past Simple) — অন্য কেউ কিছু করুক চাইলে:

✓ I would rather you went home now. (আমি চাই আপনি বাড়ি যান)

✓ She would rather we did not stay long.

✗ You had better to consult a doctor.

✓ You had better consult a doctor.

had better + V1 (no 'to')

✗ I would rather to stay home.

✓ I would rather stay home.

would rather + V1 (no 'to')

নিয়ম 37: Used to vs Be used to vs Get used to

Structure

অর্থ

উদাহরণ

used to + V1

অতীতের অভ্যাস (এখন নেই)

She used to smoke. (এখন করে না)

be used to + V+ing/Noun

অভ্যস্ত হওয়া

I am used to working late. / He is used to noise.

get used to + V+ing/Noun

অভ্যস্ত হয়ে যাওয়া

She is getting used to living alone.

✗ She used to smoking before.

✓ She used to smoke before.

used to + V1 (Bare Infinitive)

✗ I am used to work late nights.

✓ I am used to working late nights.

be used to + V+ing (Gerund)

নিয়ম 38: Causative Verbs: make/let/have/help/get

Causative

Structure

উদাহরণ

make

make + Object + V1 (bare)

She made him cry.

let

let + Object + V1 (bare)

Let her go.

have

have + Object + V1 (bare)

I had him fix the car.

help

help + Object + V1 (bare) OR to + V1

She helped me carry the bag. / She helped me to carry the bag.

get

get + Object + to + V1

He got me to do it.

have/get (passive sense)

have/get + Object + V3

I had my hair cut. / She got her car repaired.

✗ She made him to cry.

✓ She made him cry.

make + Object + V1 (bare; no 'to')

✗ Let her to go.

✓ Let her go.

let + Object + V1 (bare)

✗ He got me do it.

✓ He got me to do it.

get + Object + to + V1

নিয়ম 39: Verbs of Perception: see/hear/watch/feel/notice/find + Object + V1/V+ing

📌 📌 Perception Verbs-এর পরে দুই ধরনের Form

see/hear/watch/feel/notice/observe/find + Object + V1 (Bare Infinitive) → পুরো ঘটনা

✓ I saw him cross the road. (পার হওয়ার পুরো ঘটনা দেখলাম)

✓ She heard him sing the song. (পুরো গান শুনলেন)

see/hear/watch/feel/notice + Object + V+ing (Present Participle) → চলমান ঘটনা

✓ I saw him crossing the road. (পার হওয়ার সময় দেখলাম)

✓ She heard him singing. (গান গাওয়ার মাঝে শুনলেন)

✗ I saw him to cross the road. (Perception Verb-এর পরে 'to' নয়)

✗ I saw him to cross the road.

✓ I saw him cross the road. / I saw him crossing the road.

Perception Verb + Object + V1/V+ing (no 'to')

নিয়ম 40: কিছু Verb-এর পরে শুধু Gerund (V+ing) বসে

📌 📌 শুধু Gerund-গ্রহণকারী Verbs

enjoy, mind, stop, avoid, finish, postpone, delay, suggest, recommend, deny, admit, confess,

consider, imagine, miss, practice, risk, dislike, fancy, keep, give up, can't help, can't stand,

look forward to, be used to, get used to, object to, in spite of, instead of, without

✓ I enjoy reading novels. (not 'to read')

✓ Would you mind closing the door? (not 'to close')

✓ He gave up smoking. (not 'to smoke')

✓ I look forward to meeting you. (not 'to meet')

✓ She is used to working late. (not 'to work')

✓ He cannot help laughing. (not 'to laugh')

নিয়ম 41: কিছু Verb-এর পরে শুধু Infinitive (to + V1) বসে

📌 📌 শুধু Infinitive-গ্রহণকারী Verbs

want, wish, hope, decide, agree, refuse, promise, plan, manage, expect, offer, learn,

fail, pretend, seem, appear, tend, threaten, ask, choose, deserve, intend, mean

✓ She wants to go home. (not 'going')

✓ He decided to leave. (not 'leaving')

✓ I hope to see you soon. (not 'seeing')

✓ They agreed to help us. (not 'helping')

✓ She refused to answer. (not 'answering')

✓ He promised to come. (not 'coming')

নিয়ম 42: কিছু Verb Gerund ও Infinitive উভয়ই নেয় — অর্থ পাল্টায়

Verb

V+ing (Gerund)

to + V1 (Infinitive)

remember

I remember locking the door. (অতীত স্মৃতি)

Remember to lock the door. (ভবিষ্যৎ মনে রাখা)

forget

I forgot meeting him. (অতীত ভুলে যাওয়া)

I forgot to meet him. (কাজটিই করিনি)

stop

She stopped smoking. (ছেড়ে দিল)

She stopped to smoke. (ধূমপানের জন্য থামল)

try

Try doing yoga. (চেষ্টা করো)

Try to do it. (সম্পন্ন করার চেষ্টা)

regret

I regret telling him. (অতীতে বলায় দুঃখিত)

I regret to tell you... (এখন দুঃখ দিয়ে বলছি)

go on

He went on talking. (চালিয়ে গেল)

He went on to discuss... (পরবর্তীতে শুরু করল)

mean

It means working hard. (= involves)

I mean to help you. (= intend)

Part D: Voice ও বিশেষ গঠন — Active/Passive ও অন্যান্য

নিয়ম 43: Passive Voice — be + V3 (Past Participle)

Tense

Active

Passive

Simple Present

She writes a letter.

A letter is written by her.

Present Continuous

She is writing a letter.

A letter is being written by her.

Present Perfect

She has written a letter.

A letter has been written by her.

Simple Past

She wrote a letter.

A letter was written by her.

Past Continuous

She was writing a letter.

A letter was being written by her.

Past Perfect

She had written a letter.

A letter had been written by her.

Simple Future

She will write a letter.

A letter will be written by her.

Modal (can/should...)

She can write a letter.

A letter can be written by her.

✗ The letter was wrote by her.

✓ The letter was written by her.

Passive → be + V3 (written, not wrote)

নিয়ম 44: Imperative Sentence-এ Verb রূপ

📌 📌 Imperative Sentence — V1 দিয়ে শুরু

Affirmative: V1 দিয়ে শুরু (Subject উহ্য):

✓ Sit down. Open the door. Close your eyes.

Negative: Don't / Do not + V1:

✓ Don't go there. Do not waste time.

Polite: Please + V1 / Kindly + V1:

✓ Please sit down. Kindly help me.

Let + Object + V1:

✓ Let us go. Let her stay. Let it be.

নিয়ম 45: Question Tag — মূল Verb অনুযায়ী

📌 📌 Question Tag-এর সূত্র

Affirmative Statement → Negative Tag

Negative Statement → Affirmative Tag

She is a doctor, isn't she?

He doesn't smoke, does he?

They have come, haven't they?

You will come, won't you?

Imperative-এর পরে: 'will you?' or 'won't you?'

Sit down, will you?

Don't be late, will you?

Let's-এর পরে: 'shall we?'

Let's go, shall we?

নিয়ম 46: Reported Speech (Indirect) — Tense Backshift

Direct (Tense)

Indirect (Backshift)

উদাহরণ

Simple Present

Simple Past

'I am ready.' → He said he was ready.

Present Continuous

Past Continuous

'She is reading.' → He said she was reading.

Present Perfect

Past Perfect

'I have done.' → He said he had done.

Simple Past

Past Perfect

'He went.' → She said he had gone.

will

would

'I will come.' → He said he would come.

can

could

'I can do.' → She said she could do.

may

might

'It may rain.' → He said it might rain.

must

had to

'You must go.' → He said I had to go.

shall

should/would

'I shall go.' → He said he would go.

✗ She said that she will come.

✓ She said that she would come.

Reported Speech: will → would

নিয়ম 47: With (since), (for) Time Expressions — Perfect Tense

নিয়ম 48: Two — both, neither, either of two; Three+ — none of, every, all of

নিয়ম 49: Sentence Subject উহ্য থাকলে — There/It দিয়ে শুরু

নিয়ম 50: V+ing (Present Participle) ও V3 (Past Participle) — Adjective হিসেবে

⚠️ 📌 -ing vs -ed Adjective পার্থক্য

V+ing → বস্তু/পরিস্থিতি যা অনুভূতি জাগায় (cause):

The film is boring. The news is exciting.

The result is shocking. The story is interesting.

V3/-ed → ব্যক্তির অনুভূতি (effect):

I am bored. She is excited.

He is shocked. They are interested.

✗ I am boring with this lesson.

✓ I am bored with this lesson. (ব্যক্তির অনুভূতি)

✓ This lesson is boring. (বস্তু → কারণ)

✗ I am very interesting in football.

✓ I am very interested in football.

ব্যক্তির অনুভূতি → interested (-ed)

✗ The match was very excited.

✓ The match was very exciting.

বস্তু → exciting (-ing)

Part E: অতিরিক্ত ট্রিকি নিয়ম — Uncommon Rule

নিয়ম 51: Subject + Verb-এর মাঝে দীর্ঘ Phrase থাকলে → মূল Subject অনুযায়ী Verb

✗ The list of items were on the desk.

✓ The list of items was on the desk.

মূল Subject 'list' Singular → was

নিয়ম 52: Relative Pronoun-এর পরে Verb — Antecedent অনুযায়ী

নিয়ম 53: Infinitive Phrase দিয়ে শুরু → Singular Verb

নিয়ম 54: 'The' + Adjective → Plural People → Plural Verb

নিয়ম 55: Subject = Plural শব্দ but Singular Item → Singular Verb

নিয়ম 56: As — Comparison-এ Tense একই থাকে

নিয়ম 57: In case + Subject + Simple Present (no Future)

✗ Take an umbrella in case it will rain.

✓ Take an umbrella in case it rains.

in case + Simple Present (not Future)

নিয়ম 58: Suggest / Insist / Demand / Recommend / Propose + that + Subject + (should) + V1

📌 📌 Subjunctive Mood — 'should' উহ্য

এই Verbs-এর পরে 'should' উহ্য থাকে এবং V1 (Bare Infinitive) বসে — সব Person-এ:

Trigger Verbs: suggest, insist, demand, recommend, propose, request, urge, command, order, advise, ask, prefer

Trigger Adjectives: It is essential/important/necessary/vital/imperative/crucial that...

✓ It is necessary that he be careful.

✓ It is important that she attend the meeting.

✓ I propose that the meeting be postponed.

নিয়ম 59: Negative Adverb দিয়ে শুরু — Inversion

⚠️ 📌 Negative Adverb দিয়ে বাক্য শুরু → Subject-Verb Inversion

Never, Seldom, Rarely, Hardly, Scarcely, Barely, No sooner, Not only, Nowhere, Little, Only

এগুলো দিয়ে বাক্য শুরু হলে Auxiliary Verb Subject-এর আগে আসে:

✓ Never have I seen such a thing. (not 'I have never seen')

✓ Seldom does she go out. (not 'she seldom goes')

✓ Hardly had I left when it rained. (Past Perfect Inversion)

✓ Not only did he come late, but also forgot the file.

✓ Nowhere can you find such beauty.

✓ Little did I know that he was lying.

✗ Never I have seen such a beautiful sight.

✓ Never have I seen such a beautiful sight.

Negative Adverb-এ Inversion → have + I

নিয়ম 60: Each / Every সাথে Compound Subject — Singular Verb

MCQ Practice Set

1. "Each of the boys _____ a book."

(A) have

(B) has

(C) are

(D) were

✔ Answer: (B) has each → Singular Subject → has

2. "Neither of the two answers _____ correct."

(A) are

(B) is

(C) were

(D) have been

✔ Answer: (B) is Neither + Singular → is

3. "Many a student _____ to pass the exam."

(A) have failed

(B) fail

(C) has failed

(D) were failing

✔ Answer: (C) has failed Many a + Singular Noun → Singular Verb

4. "One of the boys _____ guilty."

(A) are

(B) is

(C) were

(D) have been

✔ Answer: (B) is One of the + Plural Noun + Singular Verb → is

5. "He is one of those who _____ always speak the truth."

(A) does

(B) do

(C) has

(D) is

✔ Answer: (B) do who refers to 'those' (Plural) → do

6. "The number of students _____ increasing."

(A) are

(B) is

(C) have

(D) were

✔ Answer: (B) is The number of → Singular → is

7. "A number of students _____ absent today."

(A) is

(B) was

(C) are

(D) has been

✔ Answer: (C) are A number of (= many) → Plural → are

8. "Mathematics _____ a difficult subject."

(A) are

(B) is

(C) have been

(D) were

✔ Answer: (B) is Mathematics (subject) → Singular Verb

9. "The police _____ arrested the thief."

(A) is

(B) was

(C) has

(D) have

✔ Answer: (D) have police → সবসময় Plural → have

10. "Cattle _____ grazing in the field."

(A) is

(B) was

(C) are

(D) has been

✔ Answer: (C) are cattle → সবসময় Plural → are

11. "My trousers _____ too tight."

(A) is

(B) are

(C) was

(D) has been

✔ Answer: (B) are trousers → সবসময় Plural

12. "It is high time we _____ studying."

(A) start

(B) started

(C) will start

(D) have started

✔ Answer: (B) started It is high time + Past Simple → started

13. "I wish I _____ a bird."

(A) am

(B) was

(C) were

(D) have been

✔ Answer: (C) were Wish + were (Subjunctive)

14. "He talks as if he _____ a king."

(A) is

(B) was

(C) were

(D) has been

✔ Answer: (C) were As if + were (Subjunctive)

15. "If I _____ rich, I would help the poor."

(A) am

(B) was

(C) were

(D) will be

✔ Answer: (C) were Type 2 Conditional + were

16. "If she had studied, she _____ passed."

(A) would

(B) will have

(C) would have

(D) could

✔ Answer: (C) would have Type 3: would have + V3

17. "Walk fast lest you _____ miss the train."

(A) will

(B) may

(C) should

(D) must

✔ Answer: (C) should lest + should + V1

18. "You had better _____ a doctor."

(A) consult

(B) to consult

(C) consulting

(D) consulted

✔ Answer: (A) consult had better + V1 (Bare)

19. "I would rather _____ at home tonight."

(A) stay

(B) to stay

(C) staying

(D) stayed

✔ Answer: (A) stay would rather + V1 (Bare)

20. "She used to _____ early in the morning."

(A) wakes

(B) waking

(C) wake

(D) woken

✔ Answer: (C) wake used to + V1 (Bare)

21. "I am used to _____ late at night."

(A) work

(B) working

(C) worked

(D) to work

✔ Answer: (B) working be used to + V+ing (Gerund)

22. "She made him _____ the truth."

(A) to tell

(B) tell

(C) telling

(D) told

✔ Answer: (B) tell make + Object + V1 (Bare)

23. "He got me _____ the work."

(A) do

(B) to do

(C) doing

(D) done

✔ Answer: (B) to do get + Object + to + V1

24. "I saw him _____ the road carelessly."

(A) to cross

(B) cross

(C) crosses

(D) crossed

✔ Answer: (B) cross see + Object + V1 (Bare) — পুরো ঘটনা

25. "She enjoys _____ romantic novels."

(A) to read

(B) reading

(C) read

(D) readed

✔ Answer: (B) reading enjoy + V+ing (Gerund only)

26. "He decided _____ the offer."

(A) accepting

(B) accept

(C) to accept

(D) accepted

✔ Answer: (C) to accept decide + to + V1 (Infinitive only)

27. "No sooner had I reached home _____ it began to rain."

(A) when

(B) then

(C) than

(D) while

✔ Answer: (C) than No sooner...than

28. "Hardly had he sat _____ the bell rang."

(A) than

(B) then

(C) when

(D) while

✔ Answer: (C) when Hardly...when

29. "I suggest that he _____ there immediately."

(A) goes

(B) go

(C) went

(D) is going

✔ Answer: (B) go suggest that + S + (should) + V1 — Subjunctive

30. "It is necessary that she _____ on time."

(A) is

(B) be

(C) was

(D) were

✔ Answer: (B) be Subjunctive after 'It is necessary that' → V1 (be)

31. "The teacher, along with the students, _____ present."

(A) are

(B) were

(C) is

(D) have been

✔ Answer: (C) is along with → মূল Subject 'teacher' (Singular) → is

32. "Five thousand taka _____ a big amount."

(A) are

(B) were

(C) is

(D) have been

✔ Answer: (C) is নির্দিষ্ট অর্থ পরিমাণ → Singular → is

33. "The Arabian Nights _____ a famous book."

(A) are

(B) is

(C) have been

(D) were

✔ Answer: (B) is Title → Singular Verb

34. "She is _____ in classical music."

(A) interesting

(B) interested

(C) interest

(D) to interest

✔ Answer: (B) interested ব্যক্তির অনুভূতি → -ed Adjective

35. "Never _____ such a beautiful sunset."

(A) I have seen

(B) have I seen

(C) I had seen

(D) I see

✔ Answer: (B) have I seen Never + Inversion → have + I + seen

Practice Questions — নিজে করুন — বন্ধনীর Verb-এর সঠিক রূপ বসান

Error Detection — ভুল শনাক্ত করুন ও সংশোধন করুন

1. Each of the students have a book.

ভুল: have → সংশোধন: has

ব্যাখ্যা: each → Singular → has

2. The police is investigating the matter.

ভুল: is → সংশোধন: are

ব্যাখ্যা: police → সবসময় Plural → are

3. My trousers is too tight.

ভুল: is → সংশোধন: are

ব্যাখ্যা: trousers → সবসময় Plural → are

4. Mathematics are a difficult subject.

ভুল: are → সংশোধন: is

ব্যাখ্যা: Mathematics (subject) → Singular → is

5. A number of students is absent.

ভুল: is → সংশোধন: are

ব্যাখ্যা: A number of (= many) → Plural → are

6. The number of students are increasing.

ভুল: are → সংশোধন: is

ব্যাখ্যা: The number of → Singular → is

7. Many a student have passed.

ভুল: have → সংশোধন: has

ব্যাখ্যা: Many a + Singular → Singular Verb

8. One of the boys are guilty.

ভুল: are → সংশোধন: is

ব্যাখ্যা: One (Subject) → Singular → is

9. Neither of them are right.

ভুল: are → সংশোধন: is

ব্যাখ্যা: Neither → Singular → is

10. I wish I was a bird.

ভুল: was → সংশোধন: were

ব্যাখ্যা: Wish + were (Subjunctive)

11. If I was rich, I would help.

ভুল: was → সংশোধন: were

ব্যাখ্যা: Type 2 Conditional + were

12. He talks as if he is a king.

ভুল: is → সংশোধন: were

ব্যাখ্যা: As if + were (Subjunctive)

13. It is high time we leave.

ভুল: leave → সংশোধন: left

ব্যাখ্যা: It is high time + Past Simple

14. Walk fast lest you missed the train.

ভুল: missed → সংশোধন: should miss

ব্যাখ্যা: lest + should + V1

15. You had better to consult a doctor.

ভুল: to consult → সংশোধন: consult

ব্যাখ্যা: had better + V1 (no 'to')

16. I would rather to stay home.

ভুল: to stay → সংশোধন: stay

ব্যাখ্যা: would rather + V1 (no 'to')

17. She used to smoking before.

ভুল: smoking → সংশোধন: smoke

ব্যাখ্যা: used to + V1 (Bare)

18. I am used to work late nights.

ভুল: work → সংশোধন: working

ব্যাখ্যা: be used to + V+ing (Gerund)

19. She made him to cry.

ভুল: to cry → সংশোধন: cry

ব্যাখ্যা: make + Object + V1 (no 'to')

20. He got me do the work.

ভুল: do → সংশোধন: to do

ব্যাখ্যা: get + Object + to + V1

21. I saw him to cross the road.

ভুল: to cross → সংশোধন: cross

ব্যাখ্যা: Perception Verb + Object + V1 (no 'to')

22. She enjoys to read novels.

ভুল: to read → সংশোধন: reading

ব্যাখ্যা: enjoy + V+ing (Gerund only)

23. He decided going to London.

ভুল: going → সংশোধন: to go

ব্যাখ্যা: decide + to + V1 (Infinitive only)

24. No sooner had he left when it rained.

ভুল: when → সংশোধন: than

ব্যাখ্যা: No sooner...than

25. Hardly had I sat than the bell rang.

ভুল: than → সংশোধন: when

ব্যাখ্যা: Hardly...when

26. I suggest that he goes there immediately.

ভুল: goes → সংশোধন: go

ব্যাখ্যা: Subjunctive after 'suggest' → V1

27. It is necessary that she is present.

ভুল: is → সংশোধন: be

ব্যাখ্যা: Subjunctive after 'It is necessary' → be

28. The teacher, along with the students, are present.

ভুল: are → সংশোধন: is

ব্যাখ্যা: along with → মূল 'teacher' Singular → is

29. Never I have seen such a thing.

ভুল: I have seen → সংশোধন: have I seen

ব্যাখ্যা: Never + Inversion → have + I + seen

30. The list of names were on the table.

ভুল: were → সংশোধন: was

ব্যাখ্যা: মূল Subject 'list' Singular → was

31. Cattle is grazing in the field.

ভুল: is → সংশোধন: are

ব্যাখ্যা: cattle → সবসময় Plural → are

32. She has went to school.

ভুল: has went → সংশোধন: has gone

ব্যাখ্যা: have/has + V3 (gone, not went)

33. The earth moved around the sun. (Universal Truth)

ভুল: moved → সংশোধন: moves

ব্যাখ্যা: Universal Truth → Simple Present

34. I have seen him yesterday.

ভুল: have seen → সংশোধন: saw

ব্যাখ্যা: yesterday → Simple Past

35. She is knowing the answer.

ভুল: is knowing → সংশোধন: knows

ব্যাখ্যা: know = Stative Verb → Continuous নয়

Master Reference Table — সব নিয়ম এক জায়গায় — দ্রুত পর্যালোচনা

Trigger Word/Phrase

Verb Form / Rule

উদাহরণ

each, every, either, neither, nobody

Singular Verb

Each has a book.

both, few, many, several

Plural Verb

Both are right.

police, cattle, people, gentry

Plural Verb (always)

Police are coming.

mathematics, news, politics

Singular Verb (always)

News is bad.

trousers, scissors, glasses

Plural Verb (always)

Trousers are tight.

A number of + Plural

Plural Verb

A number of boys are here.

The number of + Plural

Singular Verb

The number is rising.

Many a + Singular

Singular Verb

Many a man has tried.

More than one + Singular

Singular Verb

More than one was hurt.

One of the + Plural

Singular Verb

One of them is wrong.

One of those who

Plural Verb (in clause)

one of those who speak truth

with, along with, as well as

মূল Subject অনুযায়ী

Rahim, with friends, is here.

if (Type 1)

Simple Present

If she comes, I will go.

if (Type 2)

Past Simple / were + would V1

If I were rich...

if (Type 3)

had + V3 / would have + V3

If he had studied...

I wish (now)

Past Simple / were

I wish I were rich.

I wish (past)

had + V3

I wish I had studied.

as if / as though

were / had + V3

He talks as if he were a king.

It is high time

Past Simple

It is time we left.

lest

should + V1

...lest you should fail.

had better, would rather

V1 (Bare)

had better consult / would rather stay

used to

V1 (Bare)

used to play

be/get used to

V+ing (Gerund)

is used to working

make/let/have + Obj

V1 (Bare)

made him cry

help + Obj

V1 OR to + V1

helped me (to) carry

get + Obj

to + V1

got me to do

see/hear/watch + Obj

V1 OR V+ing

saw him cross / crossing

enjoy/avoid/finish/stop

V+ing only

enjoy reading

decide/want/hope/agree

to + V1 only

decide to go

suggest/insist/demand that

S + (should) + V1

suggest that he go

No sooner...than

had + V3...than

No sooner had I left than...

Hardly/Scarcely...when

had + V3...when

Hardly had I left when...

Never/Seldom/Rarely (start)

Inversion: Aux + S

Never have I seen...

if/when/until/before/after

Simple Present (no Future)

when she arrives

since (with Perfect)

starting time

since 2015

for (with Perfect)

duration

for ten years

Modal (can/should/must...)

V1 (Bare, no 'to')

can speak, should go

Universal Truth

Simple Present (always)

earth moves around sun

Stative Verbs

No Continuous

know, love, have, believe

The + Adjective

Plural Verb

The rich are happy.

Distance/Time/Money/Weight

Singular Verb

Ten kilometres is far.

Title (book/film)

Singular Verb

'The Times' is a paper.

🎯 🎯 পরীক্ষার আগে শেষ মুহূর্তের চেকলিস্ট

১. Subject-Verb Agreement: Subject Singular না Plural — সবসময় চেক করুন

২. each/every/either/neither/everyone → সবসময় Singular Verb

৩. police/cattle/people → সবসময় Plural Verb

৪. mathematics/news/politics → Singular; trousers/scissors → Plural

৫. A number of → Plural; The number of → Singular

৬. Many a / More than one + Singular Noun → Singular Verb

৭. One of the + Plural Noun + Singular Verb

৮. with/along with/as well as → মূল Subject অনুযায়ী Verb

৯. wish/as if/Type 2 if → were (সব Person-এ — Subjunctive)

১০. It is high time + Past Simple Verb

১১. lest + should + V1 (Bare Infinitive)

১২. had better / would rather + V1 (no 'to')

১৩. used to + V1; be/get used to + V+ing

১৪. make/let/have + Object + V1; get + Object + to + V1

১৫. enjoy/avoid/finish/stop + V+ing; decide/want/hope + to + V1

১৬. No sooner...THAN; Hardly/Scarcely...WHEN

১৭. if/when/until/before/after + Simple Present (Future নয়)

১৮. Stative Verbs (know/love/have/believe) → কখনো Continuous নয়

১৯. Past Perfect (had + V3) — অতীতে দুটি কাজে আগেরটি

২০. Modal (can/will/should/must) + V1 (Bare, কোনো 'to' নয়)

২১. suggest/insist/demand/recommend + that + (should) + V1 (Subjunctive)

২২. Negative Adverb (Never/Seldom/Hardly) দিয়ে শুরু → Inversion

২৩. Reported Speech: will→would, is→was, has→had, can→could, must→had to

২৪. boring (cause) vs bored (effect) — বস্তু vs ব্যক্তি

২৫. Conditional Type 3: if + had + V3, ... would have + V3