CHAPTER Degrees of Comparison |
১. ভূমিকা: Degrees of Comparison কী?
দুই বা ততোধিক ব্যক্তি বা বস্তুর মধ্যে তুলনা করার জন্য Adjective বা Adverb-এর রূপ পরিবর্তন হয়। এই পরিবর্তনকে বলে Degrees of Comparison। ইংরেজিতে তিনটি Degree আছে: Positive, Comparative, এবং Superlative।
Degree | অর্থ | কখন ব্যবহার | উদাহরণ |
Positive | তুলনাহীন গুণ | একজনের গুণ বলতে বা সমান তুলনায় | Rahim is tall. / as tall as |
Comparative | তুলনামূলক বেশি | দুজনের মধ্যে তুলনা (than) | Rahim is taller than Karim. |
Superlative | সর্বোচ্চ/সর্বনিম্ন | তিন বা ততোধিকের মধ্যে সর্বোচ্চ (the) | Rahim is the tallest in the class. |
Positive tall | Comparative taller | Superlative the tallest |
২. Comparative ও Superlative গঠনের নিয়ম
২.১ Rule 1: এক-syllable Adjective → er / est
💡 Short adjective (এক বা দুই syllable): শেষে -er (Comparative) এবং -est (Superlative) যোগ করুন। |
Positive | Comparative | Superlative | বাংলা |
tall | taller | the tallest | লম্বা |
cold | colder | the coldest | ঠান্ডা |
fast | faster | the fastest | দ্রুত |
young | younger | the youngest | তরুণ |
old | older / elder | the oldest / eldest | বৃদ্ধ / বড় |
long | longer | the longest | দীর্ঘ |
strong | stronger | the strongest | শক্তিশালী |
bright | brighter | the brightest | উজ্জ্বল |
২.২ Rule 2: e-তে শেষ হলে → r / st
Positive | Comparative | Superlative |
large | larger | the largest |
wise | wiser | the wisest |
brave | braver | the bravest |
fine | finer | the finest |
safe | safer | the safest |
close | closer | the closest |
২.৩ Rule 3: consonant + y → y কে i করে er / est
Positive | Comparative | Superlative | বাংলা |
happy | happier | the happiest | সুখী |
easy | easier | the easiest | সহজ |
heavy | heavier | the heaviest | ভারী |
early | earlier | the earliest | আগে |
pretty | prettier | the prettiest | সুন্দর |
busy | busier | the busiest | ব্যস্ত |
dirty | dirtier | the dirtiest | নোংরা |
lazy | lazier | the laziest | অলস |
💡 কিন্তু vowel + y হলে y অপরিবর্তিত থাকে: gay → gayer → gayest। |
২.৪ Rule 4: CVC (Consonant-Vowel-Consonant) → শেষ consonant double
Positive | Comparative | Superlative | বাংলা |
big | bigger | the biggest | বড় |
hot | hotter | the hottest | গরম |
fat | fatter | the fattest | মোটা |
thin | thinner | the thinnest | পাতলা |
sad | sadder | the saddest | দুঃখী |
wet | wetter | the wettest | ভেজা |
red | redder | the reddest | লাল |
💡 Exception: 'w' এবং 'x' দিয়ে শেষ হলে double করা হয় না: new→newer, few→fewer, low→lower। |
২.৫ Rule 5: দুই বা ততোধিক syllable → more / most
Positive | Comparative | Superlative | বাংলা |
beautiful | more beautiful | the most beautiful | সুন্দর |
intelligent | more intelligent | the most intelligent | বুদ্ধিমান |
important | more important | the most important | গুরুত্বপূর্ণ |
interesting | more interesting | the most interesting | আকর্ষণীয় |
difficult | more difficult | the most difficult | কঠিন |
dangerous | more dangerous | the most dangerous | বিপজ্জনক |
expensive | more expensive | the most expensive | দামি |
comfortable | more comfortable | the most comfortable | আরামদায়ক |
💡 কিছু দুই-syllable adjective উভয় পদ্ধতিতে চলে: clever → cleverer / more clever, simple → simpler / more simple। |
২.৬ Rule 6: Irregular Forms — অনিয়মিত রূপ
Positive | Comparative | Superlative | বাংলা |
good / well | better | the best | ভালো |
bad / ill / evil | worse | the worst | খারাপ |
many / much | more | the most | বেশি |
little | less | the least | কম |
few | fewer | the fewest | কম (সংখ্যায়) |
far | farther / further | the farthest / furthest | দূরে |
old | older / elder | the oldest / eldest | বৃদ্ধ / বড় |
late | later / latter | the latest / last | দেরি / পরে |
near | nearer | the nearest / next | কাছে |
fore | former | the foremost / first | পূর্ববর্তী |
in / inner | inner | the innermost / inmost | ভেতরের |
out | outer | the outermost / utmost | বাইরের |
up | upper | the uppermost / upmost | উপরের |
২.৭ Elder / Older এবং Farther / Further — বিশেষ পার্থক্য
শব্দ | ব্যবহার | উদাহরণ |
elder | পরিবারের বড় সদস্য (attributive only) | My elder brother is a doctor. |
older | বয়সে বড় (সাধারণ তুলনা) | She is older than her sister. |
eldest | পরিবারের সবচেয়ে বড় (attributive) | He is my eldest son. |
oldest | বয়সে সবচেয়ে বড় (predicative/general) | She is the oldest student in the class. |
farther | আক্ষরিক দূরত্ব | Dhaka is farther than Comilla. |
further | আক্ষরিক ও রূপক উভয় দূরত্ব | For further information, call us. |
later | সময়ে পরে | She arrived later than expected. |
latter | দুটির মধ্যে দ্বিতীয়টি | Of the two plans, I prefer the latter. |
latest | সর্বশেষ সময়ের | Have you seen his latest film? |
last | সর্বশেষ ক্রমের | He was the last person to leave. |
৩. Degrees-এর ব্যবহার ও গঠন
৩.১ Positive Degree-এর ব্যবহার
সমান তুলনা: as + Positive + as অসমান (কম): not as / not so + Positive + as গুণ বলা (তুলনাহীন): Subject + is/are + Positive Adjective |
1. Rahim is as tall as Karim. — রহিম করিমের মতো লম্বা।
2. She is not as clever as her sister. — সে তার বোনের মতো চালাক নয়।
3. This book is not so interesting as that one. — এই বইটি ওটার মতো আকর্ষণীয় নয়।
4. He works as hard as anyone in the office. — সে অফিসের যেকোনো ব্যক্তির মতোই কঠোর পরিশ্রম করে।
5. She sings as beautifully as a professional. — সে একজন পেশাদারের মতোই সুন্দর গান গায়।
৩.২ Comparative Degree-এর ব্যবহার
দুজনের তুলনা: Comparative + than The + Comparative, the + Comparative (যত … তত) কোনো Noun-এর আগে: a + Comparative + Noun |
6. Rahim is taller than Karim. — রহিম করিমের চেয়ে লম্বা।
7. She is more intelligent than her brother. — সে তার ভাইয়ের চেয়ে বেশি বুদ্ধিমান।
8. The harder you work, the more you earn. — যত কঠোর পরিশ্রম করবে, তত বেশি উপার্জন করবে।
9. The sooner, the better. — যত তাড়াতাড়ি হয়, ততই ভালো।
10. He is taller than I am / than me. — সে আমার চেয়ে লম্বা।
11. She earns more than he does. — সে তার চেয়ে বেশি উপার্জন করে।
12. This is a better option than the other one. — এটি অন্যটির চেয়ে ভালো বিকল্প।
৩.৩ Superlative Degree-এর ব্যবহার
তিন বা ততোধিকের মধ্যে: the + Superlative + of/in one of the + Superlative + plural noun |
13. Rahim is the tallest student in the class. — রহিম ক্লাসের সবচেয়ে লম্বা ছাত্র।
14. She is the most intelligent of all. — সে সবার মধ্যে সবচেয়ে বুদ্ধিমান।
15. Mount Everest is the highest peak in the world. — মাউন্ট এভারেস্ট পৃথিবীর সর্বোচ্চ শৃঙ্গ।
16. She is one of the best students in the school. — সে স্কুলের সেরা ছাত্রীদের একজন।
17. This is the most expensive car I have ever seen. — এটি আমার দেখা সবচেয়ে দামি গাড়ি।
18. He is the least qualified candidate. — সে সবচেয়ে কম যোগ্য প্রার্থী।
৩.৪ 'of' vs 'in' — Superlative-এর পরে
ব্যবহার | নিয়ম | উদাহরণ |
of | সংখ্যার group বা সদস্যদের মধ্যে | She is the best of the three. / the tallest of all. |
in | স্থান, প্রতিষ্ঠান, শ্রেণি বোঝালে | He is the tallest in the class / in the world. |
৪. Degree Transformation — রূপান্তরের বিস্তারিত নিয়ম
একটি বাক্যকে Positive → Comparative → Superlative এবং উল্টোভাবে রূপান্তর করা BCS ও Bank Job-এ সবচেয়ে বেশি পরীক্ষিত বিষয়। নিচের নিয়মগুলো মনোযোগ দিয়ে পড়ুন।
৪.১ Positive → Comparative → Superlative
Positive | Comparative | Superlative |
Dhaka is as big as Chittagong. | Dhaka is not bigger than Chittagong. | Dhaka is one of the biggest cities. |
No other student is as tall as Rahim. | Rahim is taller than all other students. | Rahim is the tallest student. |
Iron is not as heavy as gold. | Gold is heavier than iron. | Gold is one of the heaviest metals. |
৪.২ Superlative → Comparative
💡 Superlative → Comparative: 'the + -est' বাক্যকে 'er + than all other / any other' দিয়ে প্রকাশ করা যায়। |
Superlative | Comparative রূপান্তর |
He is the tallest boy in the class. | He is taller than any other boy in the class. / He is taller than all other boys in the class. |
She is the most intelligent student. | She is more intelligent than any other student. |
This is the best film I have ever seen. | I have never seen a better film than this. |
Dhaka is the most populous city in Bangladesh. | No other city in Bangladesh is as populous as Dhaka. / Dhaka is more populous than any other city. |
৪.৩ Comparative → Positive
💡 Comparative → Positive: 'A is -er than B' → 'B is not as + Positive + as A'। |
Comparative | Positive রূপান্তর |
Rahim is taller than Karim. | Karim is not as tall as Rahim. |
Gold is more precious than silver. | Silver is not as precious as gold. |
She is more hardworking than her brother. | Her brother is not as hardworking as she is. |
No other metal is as hard as iron. | Iron is harder than any other metal. |
৪.৪ 'No other … as … as' Structure
Superlative অর্থকে Positive Degree দিয়ে প্রকাশ করার সবচেয়ে জনপ্রিয় উপায়:
No other + Singular Noun + is as + Positive + as + Subject Very few + Plural Noun + are as + Positive + as + Subject |
19. Rahim is the tallest boy. — → No other boy is as tall as Rahim.
20. The Nile is the longest river in the world. — → No other river in the world is as long as the Nile.
21. She is the most hardworking student. — → No other student is as hardworking as she is.
৪.৫ Double Comparative — 'the … the …'
💡 'The + Comparative, the + Comparative' structure দিয়ে 'যত … তত …' অর্থ প্রকাশ পায়। |
22. The harder you work, the more you will earn. — যত কঠোর পরিশ্রম করবে, তত বেশি আয় করবে।
23. The earlier you start, the sooner you will finish. — যত তাড়াতাড়ি শুরু করবে, তত তাড়াতাড়ি শেষ হবে।
24. The more you read, the wiser you become. — যত বেশি পড়বে, তত জ্ঞানী হবে।
25. The more, the merrier. — যত বেশি, তত আনন্দ।
৫. বিশেষ ও Tricky নিয়মাবলী
Rule SR-1: Comparative + than + Pronoun: Objective vs Subjective
'than' এর পরে Pronoun কোন রূপে বসবে তা নির্ভর করে implied verb-এর উপর:
বাক্য | অর্থ | কারণ |
He is taller than I (am). | সে আমার চেয়ে লম্বা। | than + Subject Pronoun (implied verb আছে) |
He likes her more than me. | সে তার চেয়ে আমাকে বেশি পছন্দ করে। | than + Object Pronoun (আমাকে পছন্দ) |
He likes her more than I (do). | সে আমার চেয়ে বেশি তাকে পছন্দ করে। | than + Subject Pronoun (আমি যতটুকু পছন্দ করি) |
Rule SR-2: 'one of the' + Superlative + Plural Noun
💡 'one of the' এর পরে সর্বদা Plural Noun বসে — Singular নয়। |
✗ She is one of the best student in the school. → ✓ She is one of the best students in the school. (one of the + plural noun)
✗ He is one of the greatest leader. → ✓ He is one of the greatest leaders. (one of the + plural noun)
Rule SR-3: Double Comparative ভুল — 'more taller', 'most tallest'
💡 Comparative-এ 'more' এবং '-er' একসাথে, অথবা Superlative-এ 'most' এবং '-est' একসাথে বসানো ভুল। |
✗ She is more taller than her sister. → ✓ She is taller than her sister. (double comparative ভুল)
✗ He is the most tallest player. → ✓ He is the tallest player. (double superlative ভুল)
✗ This is more easier than that. → ✓ This is easier than that. (double comparative ভুল)
Rule SR-4: Absolute Superlative — 'very' অর্থে Superlative
কখনো Superlative তুলনা না করে শুধু 'অত্যন্ত' অর্থে ব্যবহৃত হয়:
✓ He tried his best to help. — সে সাহায্যের সর্বোচ্চ চেষ্টা করল।
✓ She was in the deepest sorrow. — সে গভীর শোকে ডুবেছিল।
✓ Most students find it difficult. — বেশিরভাগ শিক্ষার্থী এটি কঠিন মনে করে।
Rule SR-5: Comparative-এ 'other' এবং 'else'-এর ব্যবহার
Structure | ব্যবহার | উদাহরণ |
… than any other + singular noun | একই গ্রুপে তুলনা | Rahim is taller than any other boy in the class. |
… than all other + plural noun | একই গ্রুপে সামগ্রিক তুলনা | Rahim is taller than all other boys. |
… than anyone else | সবার সাথে তুলনা | She sings better than anyone else. |
… than anything else | সব কিছুর সাথে তুলনা | He values honesty more than anything else. |
✗ He is taller than any boy in the class. → ✓ He is taller than any other boy in the class. (নিজেকে বাদ দিতে 'other' আবশ্যক)
✗ She is more intelligent than all girls. → ✓ She is more intelligent than all other girls. ('other' বাদ দিলে নিজেও included হয়)
Rule SR-6: Less vs Fewer — Comparative-এ পার্থক্য
শব্দ | ব্যবহার | উদাহরণ |
fewer | Countable Noun | There are fewer students this year. |
less | Uncountable Noun | She has less money than before. |
less | সংখ্যার কথা বলা হলে (distance, time, money) | He took less than 10 minutes. |
✗ There are less students in the class now. → ✓ There are fewer students in the class now. (students countable → fewer)
✗ He drinks fewer water. → ✓ He drinks less water. (water uncountable → less)
Rule SR-7: Inferior, Superior, Senior, Junior, Prior — Latin Comparatives
এই শব্দগুলো ইতিমধ্যেই Comparative অর্থ বহন করে। তাই এদের পরে 'than' নয়, 'to' বসে:
শব্দ | পরে বসে | উদাহরণ |
inferior | to | This product is inferior to that one. |
superior | to | His work is superior to mine. |
senior | to | He is senior to me by five years. |
junior | to | She is junior to him in the office. |
prior | to | His arrival was prior to hers. |
anterior | to | This event was anterior to that. |
posterior | to | This letter is posterior to that one. |
prefer | to | I prefer tea to coffee. |
✗ He is superior than me. → ✓ He is superior to me. (Latin comparative → to)
✗ She prefers tea than coffee. → ✓ She prefers tea to coffee. (prefer → to)
Rule SR-8: Comparative with 'no' — Emphatic Negative
'no' + Comparative দিয়ে জোরালো negation বোঝায়:
26. He is no better than a beggar. — সে একজন ভিখারির চেয়ে মোটেও ভালো নয়।
27. She is no less talented than her brother. — সে তার ভাইয়ের চেয়ে মোটেও কম প্রতিভাবান নয়।
28. This is no more useful than that. — এটি ওটার চেয়ে মোটেও বেশি কার্যকর নয়।
Rule SR-9: Comparatives with 'much', 'far', 'even', 'still', 'a lot'
💡 Comparative-কে আরো জোরালো করতে এই modifiers ব্যবহার করা হয়। |
Modifier | উদাহরণ | বাংলা |
much better | She feels much better today. | অনেক ভালো |
far more dangerous | This road is far more dangerous. | অনেক বেশি বিপজ্জনক |
even worse | The situation became even worse. | আরো খারাপ |
still harder | He worked still harder. | আরো বেশি কঠোর |
a lot taller | She is a lot taller than her mother. | অনেক বেশি লম্বা |
Rule SR-10: 'As … as possible' vs 'as … as one can'
Structure | উদাহরণ |
as + adj/adv + as possible | Please come as soon as possible. |
as + adj/adv + as + subject + can/could | Please come as soon as you can. |
Rule SR-11: Comparison of Adverbs
Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | উদাহরণ |
fast | faster | the fastest | She runs faster than him. |
hard | harder | the hardest | Work harder to succeed. |
carefully | more carefully | most carefully | Drive more carefully at night. |
well | better | best | She sings better than before. |
badly | worse | worst | He played worse today. |
much | more | most | I like this more than that. |
little | less | least | She reads less now. |
late | later | latest / last | He came later than expected. |
৬. Confusing Pairs — যে ভুলগুলো সবচেয়ে বেশি হয়
ভুল ব্যবহার | সঠিক ব্যবহার | ব্যাখ্যা |
more better | better | double comparative |
most best | best | double superlative |
more taller | taller | double comparative |
most tallest | the tallest | double superlative + the |
superior than | superior to | Latin comparative → to |
prefer … than | prefer … to | prefer → to |
one of the best student | one of the best students | one of the + plural noun |
taller than any boy | taller than any other boy | নিজেকে বাদ দিতে 'other' |
less books | fewer books | countable noun → fewer |
elder than | older than | elder → than নয়; elder attributive only |
৭. Tricky MCQ: ৫০টি প্রশ্ন
নিচের MCQ-গুলো BCS, Bank Job, NTRCA ও IELTS-এর প্রকৃত প্রশ্নের ধরন অনুসরণ করে তৈরি।
► Group A: Formation
Q1. The comparative form of 'good' is ___.
(a) gooder (b) more good (c) better (d) best
✔ Ans: (c) better | good → better → best — অনিয়মিত রূপ।
Q2. The superlative form of 'bad' is ___.
(a) most bad (b) baddest (c) worse (d) worst
✔ Ans: (d) worst | bad → worse → worst।
Q3. The comparative form of 'far' referring to distance is ___.
(a) further (b) farther (c) farthest (d) most far
✔ Ans: (b) farther | আক্ষরিক দূরত্বে 'farther'।
Q4. He is the ___ of my two brothers.
(a) oldest (b) eldest (c) elder (d) older
✔ Ans: (c) elder | দুজনের মধ্যে → Comparative; পরিবারের বড় → elder।
Q5. The comparative of 'little' (amount) is ___.
(a) fewer (b) littler (c) less (d) more little
✔ Ans: (c) less | little → less → least (Uncountable)।
Q6. Which is the correct superlative of 'many'?
(a) more (b) most (c) the most (d) the many
✔ Ans: (c) the most | many → more → the most।
► Group B: Positive Degree
Q7. She is ___ her brother.
(a) as tall as (b) as tall than (c) taller as (d) tall than
✔ Ans: (a) as tall as | Positive Degree সমান তুলনায়: as + adj + as।
Q8. He is not ___ intelligent ___ his sister.
(a) so … than (b) as … as (c) more … as (d) so … as
✔ Ans: (b) as … as OR (d) so … as | উভয়ই সঠিক; 'not as … as' এবং 'not so … as' উভয় accepted।
Q9. No other city in the world is ___ populous ___ Tokyo.
(a) more … than (b) so … than (c) as … as (d) most … of
✔ Ans: (c) as … as | 'No other … as … as' = Superlative-কে Positive-এ প্রকাশ।
► Group C: Comparative Degree
Q10. She is ___ than her sister.
(a) more beautiful (b) beautifuler (c) most beautiful (d) beautifuller
✔ Ans: (a) more beautiful | দুই+ syllable → more + adj।
Q11. He is senior ___ me by two years.
(a) than (b) to (c) from (d) over
✔ Ans: (b) to | Latin comparative (senior/junior/inferior/superior) → 'to' not 'than'।
Q12. I prefer coffee ___ tea.
(a) than (b) over (c) to (d) from
✔ Ans: (c) to | prefer → to।
Q13. The harder you study, ___ you will get.
(a) the better result (b) better result (c) best result (d) most better result
✔ Ans: (a) the better result | The + Comparative, the + Comparative।
Q14. He arrived ___ than expected.
(a) more early (b) earliest (c) earlier (d) more earlier
✔ Ans: (c) earlier | early → earlier → earliest (y→i)।
Q15. Gold is ___ than iron.
(a) more precious (b) preciouser (c) most precious (d) more preciouser
✔ Ans: (a) more precious | দুই+ syllable → more + adj।
Q16. He works ___ than any other employee.
(a) hardest (b) harder (c) more hard (d) most hard
✔ Ans: (b) harder | Comparative: harder (one syllable → -er)।
► Group D: Superlative Degree
Q17. She is one of the best ___ in the team.
(a) player (b) players (c) the players (d) a player
✔ Ans: (b) players | one of the + Superlative + plural noun।
Q18. The Nile is the ___ river in the world.
(a) longer (b) most long (c) longest (d) more long
✔ Ans: (c) longest | one syllable → -est।
Q19. She is the ___ student I have ever taught.
(a) more intelligent (b) most intelligent (c) intelligenter (d) most intelligenter
✔ Ans: (b) most intelligent | দুই+ syllable → most + adj।
Q20. He is the ___ of the two brothers.
(a) elder (b) eldest (c) older (d) oldest
✔ Ans: (a) elder | দুজনের মধ্যে Comparative ব্যবহার; পরিবারের বড় → elder।
► Group E: Transformation
Q21. 'Rahim is the tallest boy in the class.' — The Comparative form is:
(a) Rahim is taller than all boys. (b) Rahim is taller than any other boy. (c) No boy is as tall as Rahim. (d) both b and c
✔ Ans: (b) Rahim is taller than any other boy. | Superlative → Comparative: taller than any other।
Q22. 'Iron is not as heavy as gold.' — The Comparative form is:
(a) Gold is heavier than iron. (b) Iron is heavier than gold. (c) Iron and gold are equally heavy. (d) Gold is as heavy as iron.
✔ Ans: (a) Gold is heavier than iron. | 'Not as heavy as' → A is heavier than B।
Q23. 'No other student is as hardworking as she is.' — The Superlative form is:
(a) She is the most hardworking student. (b) She is hardworking. (c) She is more hardworking. (d) All students are hardworking.
✔ Ans: (a) She is the most hardworking student. | No other … as … as → Superlative।
Q24. 'Very few countries are as powerful as the USA.' — This sentence expresses ___ degree.
(a) Positive (b) Comparative (c) Superlative (meaning) (d) Absolute
✔ Ans: (c) Superlative (meaning) | 'Very few … as … as' = Superlative অর্থ Positive দিয়ে।
► Group F: Less / Fewer / More
Q25. There are ___ people at the party than I expected.
(a) less (b) fewer (c) little (d) smallest
✔ Ans: (b) fewer | people = countable plural → fewer।
Q26. She drinks ___ coffee than her husband.
(a) fewer (b) little (c) less (d) small
✔ Ans: (c) less | coffee = uncountable → less।
Q27. He has ___ friends than his brother.
(a) less (b) fewer (c) little (d) smallest
✔ Ans: (b) fewer | friends = countable → fewer।
► Group G: Special Structures
Q28. He is ___ his father.
(a) as tall as (b) taller than (c) tallest than (d) the tallest as
✔ Ans: (b) taller than | Comparative: -er + than।
Q29. She sings better than ___ in the group.
(a) anyone else (b) all other (c) any other person (d) both a and c
✔ Ans: (d) both a and c | 'anyone else' এবং 'any other person' উভয়ই সঠিক।
Q30. The climate of Dhaka is ___ that of Sylhet.
(a) hotter than (b) more hotter than (c) hot than (d) hot as
✔ Ans: (a) hotter than | Climate tুলনায় Comparative: hotter than।
Q31. This is ___ book I have ever read.
(a) the more interesting (b) more interesting (c) the most interesting (d) most interesting
✔ Ans: (c) the most interesting | 'I have ever read' = Superlative structure।
Q32. He is ___ to play chess.
(a) too young (b) young enough (c) enough young (d) youngest
✔ Ans: (a) too young | too + adj + to + V1।
Q33. He is not ___ play chess.
(a) old enough to (b) enough old to (c) too old to (d) oldest to
✔ Ans: (a) old enough to | adj + enough + to + V1।
► Group H: Super Tricky
Q34. He is taller than ___.
(a) me (b) I (c) I am (d) both b and c
✔ Ans: (d) both b and c | 'than I am' (formal/correct) ও 'than me' (informal) উভয় acceptable।
Q35. She is as ___ as a fox.
(a) cunning (b) more cunning (c) most cunning (d) cunningest
✔ Ans: (a) cunning | as + Positive + as।
Q36. Which sentence is grammatically correct?
(a) She is more prettier than her sister. (b) She is prettiest of all. (c) She is prettier than her sister. (d) She is most prettier.
✔ Ans: (c) She is prettier than her sister. | double comparative ভুল; Superlative-এ 'the' দরকার।
Q37. 'He is the best player on the team.' Which is the Positive Degree?
(a) No other player is as good as him. (b) He is better than all. (c) He plays well. (d) He is good.
✔ Ans: (a) No other player is as good as him. | Superlative → Positive: No other … as … as।
Q38. He likes cricket ___ than any other sport.
(a) good (b) better (c) best (d) well
✔ Ans: (b) better | Comparative: 'more than' → better।
Q39. This fabric is ___ than that.
(a) more softer (b) soft (c) softer (d) most soft
✔ Ans: (c) softer | one syllable → -er।
Q40. She arrived ___ of all the candidates.
(a) more early (b) earliest (c) the most early (d) the earliest
✔ Ans: (d) the earliest | Superlative adverb: the + -est।
Q41. His performance was ___ I had ever seen.
(a) the best (b) best (c) better (d) good
✔ Ans: (a) the best | 'I had ever seen' = Superlative; Superlative-এ 'the' আবশ্যক।
Q42. The situation is getting ___.
(a) more and more worse (b) worse and worse (c) worst and worst (d) more worse
✔ Ans: (b) worse and worse | 'Comparative + and + Comparative' = ক্রমবর্ধমান পরিবর্তন।
Q43. He is ___ qualified than she is.
(a) more (b) much more (c) less (d) all of the above can be correct depending on context
✔ Ans: (d) all of the above can be correct depending on context | Context অনুযায়ী more/less/much more সব সঠিক হতে পারে।
Q44. Which is correct?
(a) She is elder than me. (b) She is older than me. (c) She is elder to me. (d) She is more old than me.
✔ Ans: (b) She is older than me. | elder → predicative comparison-এ 'than' বসে না; 'older than' সঠিক।
Q45. She is ___ the most beautiful woman I have ever seen.
(a) by far (b) very (c) too (d) much
✔ Ans: (a) by far | 'by far' ব্যবহার হয় Superlative-কে strengthen করতে।
Q46. He is ___ of the two candidates.
(a) the better (b) the best (c) better (d) good
✔ Ans: (a) the better | দুজনের মধ্যে তুলনায় 'the + Comparative' ব্যবহার হয়।
Q47. No sooner had he arrived ___ it started raining.
(a) when (b) than (c) then (d) as
✔ Ans: (b) than | No sooner … than (= as soon as)।
Q48. She is ___ a singer than an actress.
(a) more (b) better (c) rather (d) most
✔ Ans: (a) more | 'more … than' = দুটির মধ্যে বেশি কোনটি।
Q49. 'The more you have, the more you want.' This is an example of ___.
(a) Double Superlative (b) Double Comparative (c) Absolute Positive (d) Emphatic Negative
✔ Ans: (b) Double Comparative | The + Comparative, the + Comparative।
Q50. He is ___ a fool.
(a) no less than (b) no more than (c) not less than (d) not more than
✔ Ans: (a) no less than | 'no less than a fool' = সত্যিকারের বোকা (emphatic comparison)।
৮. Error Detection: ৩০টি অনুশীলনী
নিচের প্রতিটি বাক্যে একটি করে Degree of Comparison সংক্রান্ত ভুল আছে।
E1. Find the error: She is more taller than her sister.
Error: "more taller" → "taller" | double comparative ভুল।
E2. Find the error: He is the most tallest player in the team.
Error: "most tallest" → "the tallest" | double superlative ভুল।
E3. Find the error: She is one of the best student in the school.
Error: "best student" → "best students" | one of the + plural noun।
E4. Find the error: He is superior than his colleagues.
Error: "superior than" → "superior to" | Latin comparative → 'to' not 'than'।
E5. Find the error: I prefer tea than coffee.
Error: "prefer tea than" → "prefer tea to" | prefer → to।
E6. Find the error: He is taller than any boy in the class.
Error: "any boy" → "any other boy" | নিজেকে বাদ দিতে 'other' আবশ্যক।
E7. Find the error: There are less students this year.
Error: "less students" → "fewer students" | countable noun → fewer।
E8. Find the error: She is elder than her friend.
Error: "elder than" → "older than" | elder predicative comparison-এ 'than' নয়; 'older' সঠিক।
E9. Find the error: He is the elder of the three brothers.
Error: "the elder" → "the eldest" | তিনজনের মধ্যে → superlative।
E10. Find the error: Gold is more precious than any metal.
Error: "any metal" → "any other metal" | same category → 'other' আবশ্যক।
E11. Find the error: She sings more better than her sister.
Error: "more better" → "better" | double comparative।
E12. Find the error: He is junior than his manager.
Error: "junior than" → "junior to" | Latin comparative → to।
E13. Find the error: This is the more interesting book I have ever read.
Error: "the more" → "the most" | 'I have ever read' → Superlative।
E14. Find the error: She is not so clever as than her brother.
Error: "clever as than" → "clever as" | not so … as; 'than' বাদ।
E15. Find the error: He works more hard than anyone.
Error: "more hard" → "harder" | one syllable adjective/adverb → -er।
E16. Find the error: She is the most beautiful of the two sisters.
Error: "the most beautiful" → "the more beautiful" | দুজনের মধ্যে → the + Comparative।
E17. Find the error: He is the best of both candidates.
Error: "the best of both" → "the better of the two" | দুজনের মধ্যে → Comparative।
E18. Find the error: No other country is as powerful than China.
Error: "powerful than" → "powerful as" | as … as; 'than' নয়।
E19. Find the error: She arrived more early than expected.
Error: "more early" → "earlier" | early → earlier (y→i); 'more' নয়।
E20. Find the error: He is most brilliant student in the class.
Error: "most brilliant" → "the most brilliant" | Superlative-এ 'the' আবশ্যক।
E21. Find the error: The situation is becoming more worse.
Error: "more worse" → "worse" | double comparative; worse already comparative।
E22. Find the error: She likes summer more than any other season.
Error: "any other season" → "any other season of the year" | Context: সব season-এর মধ্যে।
E23. Find the error: He is very superior to others in his class.
Error: "very superior" → "far superior" | superior ইতিমধ্যেই comparative; 'very' নয়, 'far/much/greatly' বলুন।
E24. Find the error: Dhaka is biger than Chittagong.
Error: "biger" → "bigger" | CVC → double the final consonant: bigger।
E25. Find the error: She is the cleverest of the two girls.
Error: "the cleverest" → "the cleverer" | দুজনের মধ্যে → the + Comparative।
E26. Find the error: He is more richer than his brother.
Error: "more richer" → "richer" | double comparative।
E27. Find the error: This is the farther I can walk today.
Error: "the farther" → "the farthest / as far as" | Superlative বা 'as far as' ব্যবহার করুন।
E28. Find the error: She is the most senior of us two.
Error: "most senior" → "more senior" | দুজনের মধ্যে → Comparative।
E29. Find the error: He is taller than me by far.
Error: "taller than me by far" → "by far taller than me" | 'by far' বসে Comparative-এর আগে।
E30. Find the error: Very few metals are as hard than iron.
Error: "hard than" → "hard as" | as … as; 'than' নয়।
৯. Exam Tips, Traps ও Quick Reference
✅ EXAM TIPS — দ্রুত সমাধানের সূত্র 1. Formation সূত্র: ১ syllable → -er/-est | ২+ syllable → more/most | CVC → double consonant | y → i করে -er/-est। 2. Superlative-এ সর্বদা 'the' বসে। 'He is most intelligent' ভুল → 'He is the most intelligent' সঠিক। 3. Latin Comparatives: superior, inferior, senior, junior, prior, prefer → সবগুলো 'to' নেয়, 'than' নয়। 4. 'one of the + Superlative + plural noun' — Singular noun বসালেই ভুল। 5. Same group-এ Comparative করলে 'other' বাধ্যতামূলক: 'taller than any other boy'। 6. দুজনের তুলনায় Superlative নয়, Comparative ব্যবহার: 'the better of the two' (the best ভুল)। 7. elder → শুধু পরিবারে এবং attributive position-এ। Comparative তুলনায় 'older than' ব্যবহার করুন। 8. Countable → fewer | Uncountable → less। 'Less books' ভুল → 'fewer books' সঠিক। |
⚠️ EXAM TRAPS — পরীক্ষায় বারবার আসা ভুল ✗ 1. 'more taller / most tallest' → Double Comparative/Superlative — সর্বদা ভুল। ✗ 2. 'superior than / inferior than / prefer … than' → 'to' বসানো বাধ্যতামূলক। ✗ 3. 'taller than any boy (নিজেকে include করে)' → 'taller than any other boy' সঠিক। ✗ 4. 'one of the best student' → 'one of the best students' (plural noun বাধ্যতামূলক)। ✗ 5. 'She is elder than her friend' → 'elder' predicative comparison-এ চলে না; 'older than' সঠিক। ✗ 6. 'He is most intelligent student' → Superlative-এ 'the' ছাড়া ভুল। ✗ 7. 'There are less students' → countable noun-এ 'fewer' ব্যবহার করুন। ✗ 8. 'He is very superior' → Latin comparative-এ 'very' নয়; 'far/much/greatly superior' বলুন। |
১০. চূড়ান্ত Quick Reference
Rule / Structure | সঠিক গঠন | উদাহরণ |
১ syllable → -er/-est | tall → taller → tallest | He is the tallest. |
e-তে শেষ → -r/-st | large → larger → largest | This is the largest. |
CVC → double + er/est | big → bigger → biggest | She is bigger. |
CY → i + er/est | happy → happier → happiest | He is the happiest. |
২+ syllable → more/most | beautiful → more → most beautiful | She is the most beautiful. |
Irregular | good/bad/many/little/far… | better/worse/more/less/farther |
as … as (Positive) | as + adj + as | She is as tall as him. |
not as/so … as | not as + adj + as | She is not as tall as him. |
Comparative + than | adj-er / more + adj + than | She is taller than him. |
the + Comp, the + Comp | The harder, the better | The more you read, the wiser you become. |
the + Superlative + of/in | the + adj-est / most + adj | He is the best of all. |
one of the + Sup + plural | one of the + most + noun(pl) | She is one of the best students. |
No other … as … as | No other + N + as + adj + as + S | No other boy is as tall as Rahim. |
Latin Comparative → to | superior/inferior/senior/junior + to | He is superior to me. |
prefer → to | prefer + N + to + N | I prefer tea to coffee. |
fewer vs less | fewer (countable) / less (uncountable) | fewer books / less water |
elder vs older | elder (family, attributive) / older (general) | my elder brother / older than him |
📌 পরামর্শ Degrees of Comparison-এর সবচেয়ে গুরুত্বপূর্ণ দিক হলো: Formation-এর নিয়ম, Transformation (Superlative→Comparative→Positive), Latin Comparatives ('to'), এবং 'one of the + plural noun'। এই চারটি ভালো করে আয়ত্ত করলে এই topic থেকে পরীক্ষায় প্রায় সব প্রশ্ন সঠিক করা সম্ভব। Irregular forms (good/bad/many/little/far)-গুলো মুখস্থ করুন — এগুলো বারবার আসে। |